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《史記 - Shiji》 | [Western Han] 109 BC-91 BC Sima Qian | Books referencing 《史記》 Library Resources Source Related resources |
《本紀 - Annals》 | Library Resources |
《五帝本紀 - Annals of the Five Emperors》 | Books referencing 《五帝本紀》 Library Resources |
| 20 | 五帝本紀: | 舜，冀州之人也。舜耕歷山，漁雷澤，陶河濱，作什器於壽丘，就時於負夏。舜父瞽叟頑，母嚚，弟象傲，皆欲殺舜。舜順適不失子道，兄弟孝慈。欲殺，不可得；即求，嘗在側。 |
| Annals of the Five...: | Shun was a native of Jizhou, ploughed on Li mountain, fished in Thunder lake, made pots on the bank of the river, fashioned various articles at Shouqiu, and went now and then to Fuxia. Shun's father, Gusou, was unprincipled, his mother insincere, and his brother, Xiang, arrogant. They all tried to kill Shun, who was obedient, and never by chance failed in his duty as a son, or his fraternal love. Though they tried to kill him they did not succeed, and when they sought him he got out of the way. | |
| 25 | 五帝本紀: | 此二十二人咸成厥功：皋陶為大理，平，民各伏得其實；伯夷主禮，上下咸讓；垂主工師，百工致功；益主虞，山澤辟；棄主稷，百穀時茂；契主司徒，百姓親和；龍主賓客，遠人至；十二牧行而九州莫敢辟違；唯禹之功為大，披九山，通九澤，決九河，定九州，各以其職來貢，不失厥宜。方五千里，至于荒服。南撫交阯、北發，西戎、析枝、渠廋、氐、羌，北山戎、發、息慎，東長、鳥夷，四海之內咸戴帝舜之功。於是禹乃興九招之樂，致異物，鳳皇來翔。天下明德皆自虞帝始。 |
| Annals of the Five...: | These twenty-two all completed their labours. Gaoyao was chief minister of crime, and the people were all subservient and obtained his genuine services. Boyi was director of ceremonies, and both upper and lower classes were retiring. Chui was head workman, and the various kinds of work were successfully accomplished. Yi was head forester, and hills and swamps were brought under cultivation. Qi was director of agriculture, and the various crops ripened in their seasons. Xie was minister of instruction, and the people were friendly together. Long superintended the foreign department, and men from afar arrived. The twelve governors did their duty, and the people of the nine provinces did not dare to rebel. But Yu's labours consisted in making great cuttings through the nine hills, making thoroughfares through the nine swamps, deepening the nine rivers, and regulating the nine provinces, each of which by their officials sent tribute, and did not lose their rightful dues. In a square of 5000 li he reached the wild domain. To the south he governed Annam; on the north he reduced the western Rong tribes, Xizhi, Chusou, and the Qiang of Di; on the north the hill Rong tribes and the Xishen; and on the east the tall island barbarians. All within the four seas were grateful for Emperor Shun's labours; and Yu then performed the nine tunes, and the result was that strange creatures and phœnixes flew to and fro. Men of illustrious virtue in the empire began from the days of Emperor Shun of Yu. |
《夏本紀 - Annals of the Xia》 | Books referencing 《夏本紀》 Library Resources |
| 31 | 夏本紀: | 夏后帝啟崩，子帝太康立。帝太康失國，昆弟五人，須于洛汭，作五子之歌。 |
| Annals of the Xia: | Emperor Qi died, and his son Emperor Taikang (Kang the first) came to the throne. The Emperor Taikang lost his kingdom; his five brothers waited for him on the north of the Luo river, and composed the song of the five sons. |
《殷本紀 - Annals of Yin》 | Books referencing 《殷本紀》 Library Resources |
| 32 | 殷本紀: | 西伯歸，乃陰修德行善，諸侯多叛紂而往歸西伯。西伯滋大，紂由是稍失權重。王子比干諫，弗聽。商容賢者，百姓愛之，紂廢之。及西伯伐饑國，滅之，紂之臣祖伊聞之而咎周，恐，奔告紂曰：「天既訖我殷命，假人元龜，無敢知吉，非先王不相我後人，維王淫虐用自絕，故天棄我，不有安食，不虞知天性，不迪率典。今我民罔不欲喪，曰『天曷不降威，大命胡不至』？今王其柰何？」紂曰：「我生不有命在天乎！」祖伊反，曰：「紂不可諫矣。」西伯既卒，周武王之東伐，至盟津，諸侯叛殷會周者八百。諸侯皆曰：「紂可伐矣。」武王曰：「爾未知天命。」乃復歸。 |
| Annals of Yin: | Now Chief of the West, on returning from his expedition, secretly cultivated virtue, and was charitable; many of the princes revolted from the tyrant and gave their allegiance to Chief of the West, who from this time gained in influence, while the tyrant rather lost his authority. The monarch's son Bigan remonstrated with his father, but he was not listened to. Shangrong praised his worth, and the people loved him, but the tyrant set him aside. Chief of the West marched against and conquered the Ji State, and the tyrant's minister Zu-yi heard of it, and blaming [the house of] Zhou hurried off in alarm to report it to the tyrant. He said: 'Heaven is bringing to an end the destiny of our dynasty of Yin; great men and the ancient tortoise do not venture to foretell good fortune. It is not that the former kings do not aid us men of this later time; but you, O king, by your dissoluteness and oppression are cutting yourself off. Heaven has therefore rejected us; we do not eat our meals in peace, we do not consider our heavenly nature, we do not follow and observe the statutes. Our people are now all longing for the destruction of the dynasty, saying, Why does not Heaven send down its awe-inspiring authority? Why is not its great decree manifested? What remedy is there against the present king?' The tyrant said: 'Is not my life secured by the decree of Heaven?' Zu-yi returned, and said, 'The tyrant cannot be remonstrated with.' Chief of the West having died, King Wu of Zhou in his march eastward arrived at the ford of Meng. The princes revolted, and 800 princes of the house of Zhou having assembled declared that the tyrant ought to be attacked. King Wu said, 'You know nothing of Heaven's decree,' and retired. |
《周本紀》 | Books referencing 《周本紀》 Library Resources |
| 3 | 周本紀: | 后稷卒，子不窋立。不窋末年，夏后氏政衰，去稷不務，不窋以失其官而犇戎狄之間。不窋卒，子鞠立。鞠卒，子公劉立。公劉雖在戎狄之間，復修后稷之業，務耕種，行地宜，自漆、沮度渭，取材用，行者有資，居者有畜積，民賴其慶。百姓懷之，多徙而保歸焉。周道之興自此始，故詩人歌樂思其德。公劉卒，子慶節立，國於豳。 |
| 26 | 周本紀: | 穆王將征犬戎，祭公謀父諫曰：「不可。先王燿德不觀兵。夫兵戢而時動，動則威，觀則玩，玩則無震。是故周文公之頌曰：『載戢干戈，載櫜弓矢，我求懿德，肆于時夏，允王保之。』先王之於民也，茂正其德而厚其性，阜其財求而利其器用，明利害之鄉，以文修之，使之務利而辟害，懷德而畏威，故能保世以滋大。昔我先王世后稷以服事虞、夏。及夏之衰也，棄稷不務，我先王不窋用失其官，而自竄於戎狄之閒。不敢怠業，時序其德，遵修其緒，修其訓典，朝夕恪勤，守以敦篤，奉以忠信。奕世載德，不忝前人。至于文王、武王，昭前之光明而加之以慈和，事神保民，無不欣喜。商王帝辛大惡于民，庶民不忍，訢載武王，以致戎于商牧。是故先王非務武也，勸恤民隱而除其害也。夫先王之制，邦內甸服，邦外侯服，侯衛賓服，夷蠻要服，戎翟荒服。甸服者祭，侯服者祀，賓服者享，要服者貢，荒服者王。日祭，月祀，時享，歲貢，終王。先王之順祀也，有不祭則修意，有不祀則修言，有不享則修文，有不貢則修名，有不王則修德，序成而有不至則修刑。於是有刑不祭，伐不祀，征不享，讓不貢，告不王。於是有刑罰之辟，有攻伐之兵，有征討之備，有威讓之命，有文告之辭。布令陳辭而有不至，則增修於德，無勤民於遠。是以近無不聽，遠無不服。今自大畢、伯士之終也，犬戎氏以其職來王，天子曰『予必以不享征之，且觀之兵』，無乃廢先王之訓，而王幾頓乎？吾聞犬戎樹敦，率舊德而守終純固，其有以御我矣。」王遂征之，得四白狼四白鹿以歸。自是荒服者不至。 |
| 36 | 周本紀: | 四十六年，宣王崩，子幽王宮湦立。幽王二年，西周三川皆震。伯陽甫曰：「周將亡矣。夫天地之氣，不失其序；若過其序，民亂之也。陽伏而不能出，陰迫而不能蒸，於是有地震。今三川實震，是陽失其所而填陰也。陽失而在陰，原必塞；原塞，國必亡。夫水土演而民用也。土無所演，民乏財用，不亡何待！昔伊、洛竭而夏亡，河竭而商亡。今周德若二代之季矣，其川原又塞，塞必竭。夫國必依山川，山崩川竭，亡國之徵也。川竭必山崩。若國亡不過十年，數之紀也。天之所棄，不過其紀。」是歲也，三川竭，岐山崩。 |
| 79 | 周本紀: | 五十八年，三晉距秦。周令其相國之秦，以秦之輕也，還其行。客謂相國曰：「秦之輕重未可知也。秦欲知三國之情。公不如急見秦王曰『請為王聽東方之變』，秦王必重公。重公，是秦重周，周以取秦也；齊重，則固有周聚以收齊：是周常不失重國之交也。」秦信周，發兵攻三晉。 |
《秦本紀》 | Books referencing 《秦本紀》 Library Resources |
| 33 | 秦本紀: | 戎王使由余於秦。由余，其先晉人也，亡入戎，能晉言。聞繆公賢，故使由余觀秦。秦繆公示以宮室、積聚。由余曰：「使鬼為之，則勞神矣。使人為之，亦苦民矣。」繆公怪之，問曰：「中國以詩書禮樂法度為政，然尚時亂，今戎夷無此，何以為治，不亦難乎？」由余笑曰：「此乃中國所以亂也。夫自上聖黃帝作為禮樂法度，身以先之，僅以小治。及其後世，日以驕淫。阻法度之威，以責督於下，下罷極則以仁義怨望於上，上下交爭怨而相篡弒，至於滅宗，皆以此類也。夫戎夷不然。上含淳德以遇其下，下懷忠信以事其上，一國之政猶一身之治，不知所以治，此真聖人之治也。」於是繆公退而問內史廖曰：「孤聞鄰國有聖人，敵國之憂也。今由余賢，寡人之害，將奈之何？」內史廖曰：「戎王處辟匿，未聞中國之聲。君試遺其女樂，以奪其志；為由余請，以疏其閒；留而莫遣，以失其期。戎王怪之，必疑由余。君臣有閒，乃可虜也。且戎王好樂，必怠於政。」繆公曰：「善。」因與由余曲席而坐，傳器而食，問其地形與其兵勢盡察，而後令內史廖以女樂二八遺戎王。戎王受而說之，終年不還。於是秦乃歸由余。由余數諫不聽，繆公又數使人閒要由余，由余遂去降秦。繆公以客禮禮之，問伐戎之形。 |
《秦始皇本紀》 | Books referencing 《秦始皇本紀》 Library Resources |
| 52 | 秦始皇本... : | 於是二世乃遵用趙高，申法令。乃陰與趙高謀曰：「大臣不服，官吏尚彊，及諸公子必與我爭，為之柰何？」高曰：「臣固願言而未敢也。先帝之大臣，皆天下累世名貴人也，積功勞世以相傳久矣。今高素小賤，陛下幸稱舉，令在上位，管中事。大臣鞅鞅，特以貌從臣，其心實不服。今上出，不因此時案郡縣守尉有罪者誅之，上以振威天下，下以除去上生平所不可者。今時不師文而決於武力，願陛下遂從時毋疑，即群臣不及謀。明主收舉餘民，賤者貴之，貧者富之，遠者近之，則上下集而國安矣。」二世曰：「善。」乃行誅大臣及諸公子，以罪過連逮少近官三郎，無得立者，而六公子戮死於杜。公子將閭昆弟三人囚於內宮，議其罪獨後。二世使使令將閭曰：「公子不臣，罪當死，吏致法焉。」將閭曰：「闕廷之禮，吾未嘗敢不從賓贊也；廊廟之位，吾未嘗敢失節也；受命應對，吾未嘗敢失辭也。何謂不臣？願聞罪而死。」使者曰：「臣不得與謀，奉書從事。」將閭乃仰天大呼天者三，曰：「天乎！吾無罪！」昆弟三人皆流涕拔劍自殺。宗室振恐。群臣諫者以為誹謗，大吏持祿取容，黔首振恐。 |
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