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Scope: The Scholars Request type: Paragraph
Condition 1: Contains text "心" Matched:452.
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《儒林外史 - The Scholars》

 [Qing] 1750 Library Resources

《說楔子敷陳大義　借名流隱括全文 - In which an introductory story of a good scholar points the moral of the book》

 Library Resources
1 說楔子敷... :
人生南北多歧路，將相神仙，也要凡人做。百代興亡朝復暮，江風吹倒前朝樹。
功名富貴無憑據，費盡心情，總把流光誤。濁酒三杯沉醉去，水流花謝知何處。
In which an introductory...:
Men in their lives go on different ways;
Generals, statesmen, saints and even immortals
Begin as ordinary people. Dynasties rise and fall,
Mornings change to evenings; winds from the river
Bring down old trees. From a former reign;
And fame, riches, rank may vanish without a trace.
Then aspire not for these, wasting your days;
But drink and be merry, for who knows
Where the waters carry the blossom cast over them?

3 說楔子敷... :
雖然如此說，元朝末年，也曾出了一個嶔崎磊落的人。這人姓王名冕，在諸暨縣鄉村裏住。七歲上死了父親，他母親做些針黹，供給他到村學堂裏去讀書。看看三個年頭，王冕已是十歲了。母親喚他到面前來說道：「兒啊，不是我有心要耽誤你。只因你父親亡後，我一個寡婦人家，只有出去的，沒有進來的；年歲不好，柴米又貴；這幾件舊衣服和些舊傢伙，當的當了，賣的賣了；只靠著我替人家做些針黹生活尋來的錢，如何供得你讀書。如今沒奈何，把你僱在間壁人家放牛，每月可以得他幾錢銀子，你又有現成飯喫，只在明日就要去了。」王冕道：「娘說的是。我在學堂裏坐著，心裏也悶；不如往他家放牛，倒快活些。假如我要讀書，依舊可以帶幾本去讀。」當夜商議定了。
In which an introductory...:
However, at the end of the Yuan Dynasty a really remarkable man was born. His name was Wang Mian, and he lived in a village in Zhuji County in Zhejiang. When he was seven his father died, but his mother took in sewing so that he could study at the village school. Soon three years had passed and Wang Mian was ten. His mother called him to her and said, 「Son, it's not that I want to stand in your way. But since your father died and left me a widow, I have had nothing coming in. Times are hard, and fuel and rice are expensive. Our old clothes and our few sticks of furniture have been pawned or sold. We have nothing to live on but what I make by my sewing. How can I pay for your schooling? There's nothing for it but to set you to work looking after our neighbour's buffalo. You'll be making a little money every month, and you'll get your meals there too. You start tomorrow.」
「Yes, mother,」 said Wang Mian. 「I find sitting in school boring anyway. I'd rather look after buffaloes. If I want to study, I can take a few books along to read.」 So that very night the matter was decided.

4 說楔子敷... :
第二日，母親同他到間壁秦老家。秦老留著他母子兩個喫了早飯，牽出一條水牛來交與王冕，指著門外道：「就在我這大門過去兩箭之地，便是七泖湖，湖邊一帶綠草，各家的牛都在那裏打睡。又有幾十夥合抱的垂楊樹，十分陰涼。牛要渴了，就在湖邊上飲水。小哥，你只在這一帶頑耍，不必遠去。我老漢每日兩餐小菜飯是不少的，每日早上，還折兩個錢與你買點心喫。只是百事勤謹些，休嫌怠慢。」他母親謝了擾要回家去，王冕送出門來。母親替他理理衣服，口裏說道：「你在此須要小心，休惹人說不是；早出晚歸，免我懸望。」王冕應諾，母親含著兩眼眼淚去了。
In which an introductory...:
The next morning his mother took him to the Qin family next door. Old Qin gave them some breakfast, and when they had finished he led out a water buffalo and made it over to Wang Mian.
「Two bow shots from my gate is the lake,」 he said, pointing outside. 「And by the lake is a belt of green where all the buffaloes of the village browse. There are a few dozen big willows there too, so that it is quiet, shady and cool; and if the buffalo is thirsty it can drink at the water's edge. You can play there, son; but don't wander off. I shall see that you get rice and vegetables twice a day; and each morning I shall give you a few coppers to buy a snack to eat while you're out. Only you must work well. I hope you'll find this satisfactory.」
Wang Mian's mother thanked Old Qin and turned to go home. Her son saw her to the gate, and there she straightened his clothes for him.
「Mind now, don't give them any reason to find fault with you,」 she charged him. 「Go out early and come back at dusk. I don't want to have to worry about you.」
Wang Mian nodded assent. Then, with tears in her eyes, she left him.

5 說楔子敷... :
王冕自此只在秦家放牛，每到黃昏，回家跟著母親歇宿。或遇秦家煮些醃魚、臘肉給他喫，他便拿塊荷葉包了來家，遞與母親。每日點心錢，他也不買了喫，聚到一兩個月，便偷個空，走到村學堂裏，見那闖學堂的書客，就買幾本舊書，日逐把牛栓了，坐在柳蔭樹下看。
In which an introductory...:
From this time onwards, Wang Mian looked after Old Qin's buffalo; and every evening he went home to sleep. Whenever the Qin family gave him salted fish or meat, he would wrap it up in a lotus leaf and take it to his mother. He also saved the coppers he was given each day to buy a snack with, and every month or so would seize an opportunity to go to the village school to buy some old books from the book-vendor making his rounds. Every day, when he had tethered the buffalo, he would sit down beneath the willows and read.

6 說楔子敷... :
彈指又過了三四年。王冕看書，心下也著實明白了。那日，正是黃梅時候，天氣煩躁。王冕放牛倦了，在綠草地上坐著。須臾，濃雲密布，一陣大雨過了。那黑雲邊上鑲著白雲，漸漸散去，透出一派日光來，照耀得滿湖通紅。湖邊上山，青一塊，紫一塊，綠一塊。樹枝上都像水洗過一番的，尤其綠得可愛。湖裏有十來枝荷花，苞子上清水滴滴，荷葉上水珠滾來滾去。王冕看了一回，心裏想道：「古人說：『人在畫圖中』，其實不錯。可惜我這裏沒有一個畫工，把這荷花畫他幾枝，也覺有趣。」又心裏想道：「天下那有個學不會的事，我何不自畫他幾枝。」
In which an introductory...:
So three or four years quickly passed. Wang Mian studied and began to see things clearly. One sultry day in early summer, tired after leading the buffalo to graze, he sat down on the grass. Suddenly dense clouds gathered, and there was a heavy shower of rain. Then the black storm clouds fringed with fleecy white drifted apart, and the sun shone through, bathing the whole lake in crimson light. The hills by the lake were blue, violet and emerald. The trees, freshly washed by the rain, were a lovelier green than ever. Crystal drops were dripping from a dozen lotus buds in the lake, while beads of water rolled about the leaves.
As Wang Mian watched, he thought, 「The ancients said, 'In a beautiful scene a man feels he is part of a picture.' How true! What a pity there is no painter here to paint these sprays of lotus. That would be good.」 Then he reflected, 「There's nothing a man can't learn. Why shouldn't I paint them myself?」

9 說楔子敷... :
王冕見天色晚了，牽了牛回去。自此，聚的錢不買書了，託人向城裏買些胭脂鉛粉之類，學畫荷花。初時畫得不好，畫到三個月之後，那荷花，精神、顏色無一不像，只多著一張紙，就像是湖裏長的；又像纔從湖裏摘下來，貼在紙上的。鄉間人見畫得好，也有拿錢來買的。王冕得了錢，買些好東好西，孝敬母親。一傳兩，兩傳三，諸暨一縣都曉得是一個畫沒骨花卉的名筆，爭著來買。到了十七八歲，不在秦家了，每日畫幾筆畫，讀古人的詩文，漸漸不愁衣食，母親心裏歡喜。
In which an introductory...:
Wang Mian saw that it was growing late, and led the buffalo back. After that, Wang Mian no longer spent his savings on books, but asked someone to buy paints for him in the city, and learnt to paint lotus flowers. At first he did not do too well, but after three months he succeeded in capturing the very essence and shades of colour of the lotus. Though he painted on paper, his flowers seemed to be growing in the water, or as if freshly plucked from the lake and placed on a scroll. When the villagers saw how well he painted, some even bought his pictures. And when Wang Mian had money he bought good things for his mother. One person told another, until the whole of Zhuji County knew that he was a famous flower painter, and people vied with each other in their eagerness to buy. By the time he was eighteen he had stopped working for Old Qin, and spent every day doing some painting or reading old poems and essays. By degrees he no longer had to worry about his livelihood, and his mother was happy.

11 說楔子敷... :
一日，正和秦老坐著，只見外邊走進一個人來，頭帶瓦楞帽，身穿青布衣服。秦老迎接，敘禮坐下。這人姓翟，是諸暨縣一個頭役，又是買辦。因秦老的兒子秦大漢拜在他名下，叫他乾爺，所以常時下鄉來看親家。秦老慌忙叫兒子烹茶，殺雞、煮肉款留他；就要王冕相陪。彼此道過姓名。那翟買辦道：「只位王相公，可就是會畫沒骨花的麼？」秦老道：「便是了。親家，你怎得知道？」翟買辦道：「縣裏人那個不曉得。因前日本縣老爺吩咐：要畫二十四副花卉冊頁送上司，此事交在我身上。我聞有王相公的大名，故此一徑來尋親家。今日有緣，遇著王相公，是必費心大筆畫一畫。在下半個月後，下鄉來取。老爺少不得還有幾兩潤筆的銀子，一併送來。」秦老在傍，著實攛掇。王冕屈不過秦老的情，只得應諾了。回家用心用意，畫了二十四副花卉，都題了詩在上面。翟頭役稟過了本官，那知縣時仁，發出二十四兩銀子來。翟買辦扣剋了十二兩，只拿十二兩銀子送與王冕，將冊頁取去。時知縣又辦了幾樣禮物，送與危素，作候問之禮。
In which an introductory...:
One day Wang Mian was sitting in Old Qin's cottage when a man wearing a bailiff's cap and blue cloth gown came in. Old Qin welcomed him, and after an exchange of courtesies they sat down. This newcomer's name was Zhai. He was a county runner and also a bailiff, but since Old Qin's son was his godchild he often came to the village to visit their family. Old Qin hastily called his son to make tea, kill a chicken and cook some meat to entertain the bailiff, and asked Wang Mian to accompany them.
When Bailiff Zhai heard Wang Mian's name, he asked, 「Is this Mr. Wang the flower painter?」
「Yes,」 said Old Qin. 「How did you get to know of him?」
「Is there anyone in the county who doesn't know him?」 retorted the bailiff. 「The other day the county magistrate commissioned me to get twenty-four paintings of flowers to send to a superior. Knowing Mr. Wang's great reputation, I've come straight here; and now I'm lucky enough to meet Mr. Wang himself.」 Then he turned to Wang Mian and said: 「I must trouble you to do some paintings. In two weeks I shall come to fetch them, bringing the payment from Magistrate Shi.」
Old Qin pressed Wang Mian to consent and, to please the old man, he agreed.
He went home and took infinite pains to paint twenty-four pictures of flowers, each with a poem appended. Bailiff Zhai reported his meeting with Wang Mian to the magistrate, who gave him twenty-four taels of silver. Of this sum Zhai appropriated half, giving twelve taels only to Wang Mian. He took the flower album away with him, and then the magistrate sent it with some other presents to Mr. Wei.

19 說楔子敷... :
知縣心裏想道：「這小廝那裏害甚麼病！想是翟家這奴才，走下鄉狐假虎威，著實恐嚇了他一場。他從來不曾見過官府的人，害怕不敢來了。老師既把這個人託我，我若不把他就叫了來見老師，也惹得老師笑我做事疲軟。我不如竟自己下鄉去拜他。他看見賞他臉面，斷不是難為他的意思，自然大著膽見我；我就便帶了他來見老師，卻不是辦事勤敏？」
In which an introductory...:
When Magistrate Shi heard the bailiff's report, he thought, 「How can the fellow be ill? It's all the fault of this rascal Zhai. He goes down to the villages like a donkey in a lion's hide, and he must have scared this painter fellow out of his wits. Wang Mian has never seen an official before in his life. He's afraid to come. But my patron charged me personally to get this man, and if I fail to produce him, Mr. Wei will think me incompetent. I had better go to the village myself to call on him. When he sees what an honour I'm doing him, he'll realize nobody wants to make trouble for him and won't be afraid to see me. Then I'll take him to call on my patron, and my patron will appreciate the smart way I've handled it.」

23 說楔子敷... :
翟買辦趕將上去，問道：「秦小二漢，你看見你隔壁的王老大牽了牛在那裏飲水哩？」小二道：「王大叔麼？他在二十里路外王家集親家家喫酒去了。這牛就是他的，央及我替他趕了來家。」翟買辦如此這般稟了知縣。知縣變著臉道：「既然如此，不必進公館了！即回衙門去罷！」時知縣此時心中十分惱怒，本要立即差人拿了王冕來責懲一番；又想恐怕危老師說他暴躁，且忍口氣回去，慢慢向老師說明此人不中抬舉，再處置他也不遲。知縣去了。
In which an introductory...:
Hurrying over, Bailiff Zhai called, 「Little Qin! Did you see where Old Wang from next door went to water his buffalo?」 The small boy replied, 「Uncle Wang has gone to Wang Market, seven miles away. He went to a feast with a relative there. This is his buffalo that I'm bringing home for him.」 When Magistrate Shi heard this, he flushed angrily and said, 「In that case, I need not go to the local office. Let us go back to the yamen.」 Thoroughly annoyed, his first impulse was to tell his attendants to arrest Wang Mian and punish him. Afraid, however, that Mr. Wei would call him hotheaded, he decided to swallow his anger and go back to explain to his patron that Wang Mian did not deserve to be honoured. He could punish the fellow later. Having reached this decision, he left.

24 說楔子敷... :
冕並不曾遠行，即時走了來家。秦老過來抱怨他道：「你方纔也太執意了。他是一縣之主，你怎的這樣怠慢他？」王冕道：「老爹請坐，我告訴你。時知縣倚著危素的勢，要在這裏酷虐小民，無所不為。這樣的人，我為甚麼要相與他？但他這一番回去，必定向危素說；危素老羞變怒，恐要和我計較起來。我如今辭別老爹，收拾行李，到別處去躲避幾時。只是母親在家，放心不下。」
In which an introductory...:
Wang Mian had not really gone far. He came back presently and was reproached by Old Qin, who said, 「You are too obstinate. He is the head of a county; how can you show such disrespect?」
「Please sit down, uncle,」 said Wang Mian, 「and I will explain. This magistrate relies on Mr. Wei's authority to tyrannize over the common people here, and do all kinds of bad things. Why should I have anything to do with such a man? But now that he has gone back, he will certainly tell Mr. Wei; and if Mr. Wei becomes angry he may want to make trouble for me. So now I shall pack up my things, leave my mother, and go into hiding for a time. The only thing that worries me is leaving my mother here by herself.」

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