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《卷九》
6  | 太上無名其次有為而名從之其次名先而實後名先實後而名實離矣是故為善無近名中失而事過當名尊而實可泊君子不為也有為皆善而孰為善邪溫良恭儉明允篤誠人與我以是名也何朅朅然擊鼓而求亡子乎故善不可以有心為也有心則偽而一失之矣上世親死則內之溝它日過之狐狸食之蠅蚋蛄嘬之心與目㑹而泚達于顙于是反累梩而掩之掩之誠也非為儉非為奢也掩之矣而土親膚也于是厚衣之薪而棺槨興焉葢孝子仁人之掩其親茍可以致其誠者亡不至也喪三日而殯凡附于身者必誠必信三月而葬凡附于棺者必誠必信勿之有悔焉而已矣古者棺槨無度中古棺七寸槨稱之天子七種諸侯五大夫三士二庶人一非直為觀美也彼藏千金之璧者緹衣十襲匣戶九扄齋沐而出之猶以未滿也況于親伏羲人帝之時非無供備之勞者死皆用槨豈固是彌文哉而墨子曰堯舜之喪衣衾三領窽木之棺葛以緘之夏禹之喪桐棺三寸蘧蒢以歛餘壤為坋𠮱可謂儉乎堯舜禹不如是也下銅三泉上𠾊南山金玉城闕水銀河海固非君子之志而孝子之心不如是之貧也雖然天子之喪動四海屬諸侯諸侯之喪動通國屬大夫大夫動一國屬修士修士動一鄉屬朋友庶人之喪合族黨動州里古之數也惟刑餘罪人之喪不得合族黨獨屬妻子棺槨三寸衣衾三領不以總不以晝行凡縁而徃埋之反無哭泣已事而踆若無喪者此之謂至辱是則舜禹若啟以刑餘罪人喪其君也是墨子者以至辱事其親也且吾聞之君子不以天下儉其親墨之治喪也以泊為其道也惡足以為儉中古之制聖人固不欲速朽也以璠璵歛而孔子麗級豈慮其墓之抽哉而王充猶欲明死者無知以降泊葬古之人胡為而死其親乎嗟夫儉者一善之名聖人御世之寳也在乎內不在乎其外何說者之譚堯舜舉狥外而反卑之也且怵戒塗䰍者尉李野人之璞俗土階三尺者由余窮邦之陋風蓽戸不扉葢茨不剪此楚之交子魯之周子之鄙習也而堯居衢室之宫垂衣襞幅䆳如神明集五瑞而見羣后帶幅舄而入覲者若衆星之拱極舜㳺巖廊之上被袗衣皷五絃繪日月于常備十有二章黼黻𤣥黄爛如也出聞鑾和動有環佩步趨中于莖招之節堯舜之備物也如此而惡有所謂土階三尺茅茨不剪欲塗䰍而怵戒哉此腐儒之所守而汚俗之所以相欺也人之言曰天子無老夫食則太牢而加珍服則五采而飾玉坐設章容黼扆而諸侯孤卿奔走乎堂下出乘大路越席以養安載臯芷以養鼻錯衡以養目和鑾以養耳三公奉軛諸伯持輪居如大神動如天帝扶老養衰渠有善于此者彼桀紂之奢而亡也則戒奢者有禮存焉今也覽四海之賦受九垓之經入而茅茨土階欲以塗䰍而不敢信不然矣且先王之制改玉則改行旂旒冕璪以示登降之品而汚世之人不通于禮處尊而偪賤居大而侵小以天子之尊窮天之産罄地之毛而為圉𨽻監門之奉亦難乎為下矣不惟以陋于厥躬也而又房無施其族黨上不豐其宗祭而曰吾以是為儉也不亦鄙野夷貊之人已乎故曰中失而事過當名尊而實可泊君子不為而況唐虞與有夏氏乎 |
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