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《明文衡》
21  | 愛敬以養生哀戚以送死墓焉而葬位焉而祭皆本於禮而不敢忽者先王敎民之通法也喪而用浮屠之術葬而信葬師之說資冥報於不可致詰之間征休咎於無情難驗之川阜上以為親謀下以為身利者此古之所未聞也後世暗夫野人多趨信而甘心焉親沒於床不於禮而於浮屠不哭泣擗踊而於鐘磬鐃鈸非是之務則人交笑以為簡時可葬矣泥於山川之利否而不即葬或至於終身或身死而委櫘於子孫甚者子孫恐葬之禍其身舉而棄諸水火葬親以禮者世反非之為愚嗚呼是何其不察而至於此極乎彼浮屠之所謂輪回者果可信邪天之生人物者二氣五行也其運也無窮其續也無端先者過而後者來未嘗相資以為用者二氣五行之常也自草木而觀之發榮於春盛壯奮長蔚乎而不可遏及乎戒之以凜風申之以霜露昔之沃澤茂美一旦飄而為浮埃化而為汙泥蕩滅殫盡無跡可窺矣其發生於明年者氣之始至者為之也豈復資既隕之餘榮乎惟人也亦然得氣而生氣既盡而死死則不復有知矣茍有焚炙刲割佚樂適意身且不有而何以受之形盡氣盡而魂升魄降無所不盡安能入人胸腹重生於世而謂之輪回也哉天地至神之氣以其流行不窮故乆而常新變而不同使必資已死之人為將生之本則造化之道息矣烏足為天地倘或有之人固不知之也浮屠亦人耳何自而獨知之彼以其茫昩不可揣索故妄言以誣世夫豈可信而事其敎乎孔子謂祭之以禮為孝則事異端之妄棄聖典而不信者其為非禮也大矣不孝孰加焉而暗者顧安之而不以為非胡可哉葬師之動人以禍福而其說尤怪人之昌隆盛熾者其先必有厚徳之遺賤貧夭絕者必有餘惡之著山川何與焉誕者則不然聞有貴富之人於此則歸福於其塋塚曰此某形也此某徵也於葬之法宜爾也聞有貧賤之人於此則曰此葬之罪也此於法宜至於斯也信斯言也則人之多財而力足者皆相率而為不善及乎死也求善地以葬其身則可免子孫於禍夫孰肯為善乎由大者而論之繫乎盛衰者莫大乎國都淆函河渭無異也秦帝之亡漢帝之昌隋據之而促唐據之而長果在於善地乎帝王之尊家天下而役海內使地善而可興竭智以營陵廟奚求而不致而亡國敗主相屬則果不在乎此也審矣古之卜宅兆云者以神道定民志耳非視岡阜之向背逆順臆度目斷如世之葬師之為也葬師祖晉郭璞書其書茍可信璞用之以葬其祖考宜有竒驗不誣而璞卒死於簒賊其身不能福而謂能福乎人其可信否邪世之人多信之不知自陷於不孝而莫之贖也嗚呼先王之禮一失而流於野再壊而流於誣暨其大壞而不可為忽乎入於禽獸而不之覺也寧不哀哉天下之人其小者流為野由野而徃吾不能知其所至矣其心淫浸膠固非空言所能革也吾獨以告吾族人親喪必以三年三年之制必循禮勿以浮屠從事違者生罰之死不祀於先祠葬卜吉凶而勿泥葬師之說期必以三月三月不能至五月五月不能至七月過一歲者如違喪禮之罰必刻壙志墓銘力不足者刻其名俾後有考作方氏喪葬儀 |
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