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《卷十一》
8  | 蔽芾韓詩外傳作茀甘棠勿翦韓詩作剗漢書作鬋豐氏本作□勿伐叶隊韻符廢翻亦叶泰韻蒲蓋翻召漢書作邵伯所茇叶隊韻放吠翻亦叶泰韻博蓋翻說文讀詩記並作废賦也蔽說文云蔽蔽小草也一云薆也又云奄也齊語使海干有蔽註云可依蔽也芾說文云草木盛貌今以蔽芾二字連言蓋陰翳茂盛之意甘棠郭璞云今之杜梨也陸璣云棠梨也按爾雅云杜赤棠白者棠樊光云白者為棠赤者為杜陸佃云草木蟲魚疏以為赤棠與白棠同爾但子有赤白美惡子白色為白棠甘棠也赤棠子澁而酢無味俗語曰澁如杜是也字說云詩言蔽芾甘棠以杜之美言有杕之杜以棠之惡言說詩者以意逆志乃能得之九域志云召伯甘棠樹在陜州府署西南隅翦通作剪說文云齊斷也伐釋文云斬木也謂斬伐其枝曰勿者是惓惓愛䕶而不忍傷之故詞若相戒言不但剪其根幹不可雖伐其枝條亦不可也思人愛物與覩物思人二意俱有召地名召公奭采邑也史記燕世家云與周同姓皇甫謐云文王之庶子勝殷後封于北燕留周佐政食邑于召輔成王康王卒諡曰康長子繼燕支子繼召按左傳富辰言文之昭十六國無燕似不足信豐熈以為王季庶子亦不知何所本也茇通作废說文云舍也徐鍇云今詩周禮皆借作茇鄭𤣥云草舍也周禮夏官教茇舍註云草止之也軍有草止之法孔云茇者草也草中止舍故云茇張文潛云召公為天子之大臣中分天下而治之而治事臨務至出于草野田畝草木之間宜若不知體矣然古人惟不敢遺一人故能康一家不敢遺一家故能王一國嘗讀西漢書見循吏傳如美宣召信臣之徒其治郡邑事無大小一一立法曲有制度至於躬行田野不少休息未嘗不愛其知為政之理竭力勤事而至誠愛其氏也考索云周南天子所都周公不得專有其美召公專主諸侯則南國之教得以稱召伯也在易二與四同功而異位二多譽遠也四多懼近也周公近召公遠有詩無詩此其異與蘇轍云周公在內近于文王雖有德而不見則其詩不作召公在外遠于文王功業明著則詩作于下此理之最明者也 蔽芾甘棠勿翦勿敗叶泰韻烏外翻豐本作䢙召伯所□叶泰韻丘蓋翻原愒字今文作憇釋文豐本俱作愒本賦也敗謂殘壊之□ 作愒說文云息也 蔽芾甘棠勿翦勿拜叶霽韻變制翻廣韻作扒召伯所說叶霽韻輸芮翻爾雅注豐本俱作税陸德明本作脱 賦也拜說文云首至地也錢氏云謂攀下也攀下其枝如人之拜嚴粲云謂低屈之挽其枝以至地也程大昌云三章皆曰勿翦翦者斷也勿拜則不止不翦且不敢屈其枝而垂之敬之至也孟子論天下易事曰為長者折枝即肢體之肢與木枝一義則拜者折枝之謂也嚴云始則相戒不可斬伐而去之中則相戒豈特不可斬伐但殘壊之亦不可終則相戒豈特不可殘壊但低屈之亦不可愛之愈深䕶之愈至也說說文云釋也後人作悅即此字言此樹為召公所喜悅也太史公云召公奭可謂仁矣甘棠且思之況其人乎燕社稷血食者八九百歳於姬姓獨後亡豈非召公之烈耶 |
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