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Scope: 三事忠告
Condition : Contains text 「侫」
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卷三

25
《書》曰:「庶獄庶慎。」又曰:「非折獄,惟良折獄。」《易》謂:「君子明慎用刑,而不留獄。」嗚呼!於以見聖人好生之心與天地等矣。夫飢寒切身,自非深知義理之人,不敢保其心之無他,況蚩蚩之氓,為守牧者教養之,不至窮而為盜,是豈得已哉。古人有以灼其然,故為制也恆寛而不亟促,恆哀矜而不忿疾。均之為盜也,而有長幼疏戚之分;均之為姦也,而有夫亡夫在之殊。有疾則醫藥之,疾革則釋梏入人而侍之。夫彼冥迷凶險之徒既麗於理矣,何足綴意,而古人為制如此者,則其仁恕忠厚之情可見矣。昔歐陽公父治死囚之獄,求其生而不得,則掩卷而嘆,其言曰:「夫常求其生,猶失之死,況世常求其死哉!」後之殘忍者一切不務,而惟威刑之尚,謂其無茹寃而死者,吾不信也。夫蒞官之法無他,口威心善而已矣。口威則欲其事集,心善則不欲輕易害物。況久系之囚,尤當示以慈祥,召之稍前,易其舊所隸卒吏,溫以善色,使自陳顛末,情無所疑,然後參之以按。若據按以求其情,鮮有不誤人者。蓋州縣無良吏,所以不敢信其已具之文,毫厘或差,生死攸系。故聖人謂:「與其殺不辜,寧失不經。」又曰:「功疑惟重,罪疑惟輕。」論囚之道,盡於此矣。君子其慎諸。

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