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中國哲學書電子化計劃
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儒家 -> 禮記 -> 大學 -> 13

《詩》云：In the Book of Poetry, it is said,
「殷之未喪師， "Before the sovereigns of the Yin dynasty had lost the hearts of the people,
克配上帝。 they could appear before God.
儀監于殷， Take warning from the house of Yin.
峻命不易。」 The great decree is not easily preserved."
道得眾則得國，This shows that, by gaining the people, the kingdom is gained,
失眾則失國。and, by losing the people, the kingdom is lost.
是故君子先慎乎德。On this account, the ruler will first take pains about his own virtue.
有德此有人， Possessing virtue will give him the people.
有人此有土， Possessing the people will give the territory.
有土此有財， Possessing the territory will give him its wealth.
有財此有用。Possessing the wealth, he will have resources for expenditure.
德者本也， Virtue is the root;
財者末也， wealth is the result.
外本內末，If he make the root his secondary object, and the result his primary,
爭民施奪。he will only wrangle with his people, and teach them rapine.
是故財聚則民散，Hence, the accumulation of wealth is the way to scatter the people;
財散則民聚。 and the letting it be scattered among them is the way to collect the people.
是故言悖而出者，And hence, the ruler's words going forth contrary to right,
亦悖而入； will come back to him in the same way,
貨悖而入者，and wealth, gotten by improper ways,
亦悖而出。 will take its departure by the same.
《康誥》曰：In the Announcement to Kang, it is said,
「惟命不于常！」 "The decree indeed may not always rest on us";
道善則得之，that is, goodness obtains the decree,
不善則失之矣。 and the want of goodness loses it.
楚書曰：In the Book of Chu, it is said,
「楚國無以為寶， "The kingdom of Chu does not consider that to be valuable.
惟善以為寶。」It values, instead, its good men."
舅犯曰：Duke Wen's uncle, Fan, said,
「亡人無以為寶， "Our fugitive does not account that to be precious.
仁親以為寶。」 What he considers precious is the affection due to his parent."

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