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中國哲學書電子化計劃
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儒家 -> 孟子 -> 梁惠王上 -> 7.33

曰：Mencius replied,
「無恆產而有恆心者，惟士為能。'They are only men of education, who, without a certain livelihood, are able to maintain a fixed heart.
若民， As to the people,
則無恆產， if they have not a certain livelihood,
因無恆心。 it follows that they will not have a fixed heart.
苟無恆心， And if they have not a fixed heart,
放辟，邪侈，無不為已。there is nothing which they will not do, in the way of self-abandonment, of moral deflection, of depravity, and of wild license.
及陷於罪， When they thus have been involved in crime,
然後從而刑之， to follow them up and punish them
是罔民也。- this is to entrap the people.
焉有仁人在位，罔民而可為也？ How can such a thing as entrapping the people be done under the rule of a benevolent man?
是故明君制民之產， Therefore an intelligent ruler will regulate the livelihood of the people,
必使仰足以事父母，so as to make sure that, for those above them, they shall have sufficient wherewith to serve their parents,
俯足以畜妻子，and, for those below them, sufficient wherewith to support their wives and children;
樂歲終身飽， that in good years they shall always be abundantly satisfied,
凶年免於死亡。 and that in bad years they shall escape the danger of perishing.
然後驅而之善，After this he may urge them, and they will proceed to what is good,
故民之從之也輕。 for in this case the people will follow after it with ease.
今也制民之產，Now, the livelihood of the people is so regulated,
仰不足以事父母，that, above, they have not sufficient wherewith to serve their parents,
俯不足以畜妻子，and, below, they have not sufficient wherewith to support their wives and children.
樂歲終身苦，Notwithstanding good years, their lives are continually embittered,
凶年不免於死亡。and, in bad years, they do not escape perishing.
此惟救死而恐不贍，In such circumstances they only try to save themselves from death, and are afraid they will not succeed.
奚暇治禮義哉？ What leisure have they to cultivate propriety and righteousness?
王欲行之， If your Majesty wishes to effect this regulation of the livelihood of the people,
則盍反其本矣。 why not turn to that which is the essential step to it?
五畝之宅，樹之以桑， Let mulberry-trees be planted about the homesteads with their five mu,
五十者可以衣帛矣； and persons of fifty years may be clothed with silk.
雞豚狗彘之畜，In keeping fowls, pigs, dogs, and swine,
無失其時， let not their times of breeding be neglected,
七十者可以食肉矣； and persons of seventy years may eat flesh.
百畝之田，勿奪其時， Let there not be taken away the time that is proper for the cultivation of the farm with its hundred mu,
八口之家可以無飢矣； and the family of eight mouths that is supported by it shall not suffer from hunger.
謹庠序之教， Let careful attention be paid to education in schools,
申之以孝悌之義， the inculcation in it especially of the filial and fraternal duties,
頒白者不負戴於道路矣。and grey-haired men will not be seen upon the roads, carrying burdens on their backs or on their heads.
老者衣帛食肉，黎民不飢不寒，然而不王者，未之有也。」It never has been that the ruler of a State where such results were seen, the old wearing silk and eating flesh, and the black-haired people suffering neither from hunger nor cold, did not attain to the royal dignity.'

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