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中國哲學書電子化計劃
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儒家 -> 禮記 -> 中庸 -> 20

哀公問政。The Duke Ai asked about government.
子曰： The Master said,
「文、武之政，"The government of Wen and Wu
布在方策，is displayed in the records - the tablets of wood and bamboo.
其人存，Let there be the men
則其政舉； and the government will flourish;
其人亡， but without the men,
則其政息。 their government decays and ceases.
人道敏政， With the right men the growth of government is rapid,
地道敏樹。 just as vegetation is rapid in the earth;
夫政也者，and, moreover, their government
蒲盧也。 might be called an easily-growing rush.
故為政在人， Therefore the administration of government lies in getting proper men.
取人以身， Such men are to be got by means of the ruler's own character.
修身以道， That character is to be cultivated by his treading in the ways of duty.
修道以仁。 And the treading those ways of duty is to be cultivated by the cherishing of benevolence.
仁者人也， Benevolence is the characteristic element of humanity,
親親為大； and the great exercise of it is in loving relatives.
義者宜也， Righteousness is the accordance of actions with what is right,
尊賢為大。 and the great exercise of it is in honoring the worthy.
親親之殺， The decreasing measures of the love due to relatives,
尊賢之等， and the steps in the honor due to the worthy,
禮所生也。 are produced by the principle of propriety.
在下位不獲乎上， When those in inferior situations do not possess the confidence of their superiors,
民不可得而治矣！ they cannot retain the government of the people.
故君子不可以不修身； Hence the sovereign may not neglect the cultivation of his own character.
思修身， Wishing to cultivate his character,
不可以不事親； he may not neglect to serve his parents.
思事親， In order to serve his parents,
不可以不知人； he may not neglect to acquire knowledge of men.
思知人， In order to know men,
不可以不知天。 he may not dispense with a knowledge of Heaven.
天下之達道五，The duties of universal obligation are five
所以行之者三， and the virtues wherewith they are practiced are three.
曰：君臣也， The duties are those between sovereign and minister,
父子也， between father and son,
夫婦也， between husband and wife,
昆弟也， between elder brother and younger,
朋友之交也， and those belonging to the intercourse of friends.
五者天下之達道也。 Those five are the duties of universal obligation.
知仁勇三者，Knowledge, magnanimity, and energy, these three,
天下之達德也， are the virtues universally binding.
所以行之者一也。 And the means by which they carry the duties into practice is singleness.
或生而知之， Some are born with the knowledge of those duties;
或學而知之， some know them by study;
或困而知之， and some acquire the knowledge after a painful feeling of their ignorance.
及其知之， But the knowledge being possessed,
一也； it comes to the same thing.
或安而行之， Some practice them with a natural ease;
或利而行之， some from a desire for their advantages;
或勉強而行之， and some by strenuous effort.
及其成功， But the achievement being made,
一也。」 it comes to the same thing."

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