| 審 |
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shěn ㄕㄣˇ (1): 周密，詳細。 Detailed, thorough.
| 《·》: | 博學之，審問之，慎思之，明辨之，篤行之。 | | To this attainment there are requisite the extensive study of what is good, accurate inquiry about it, careful reflection on it, the clear discrimination of it, and the earnest practice of it. |
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shěn ㄕㄣˇ (2.1): 仔細考察，研究。 Investigate thoroughly, research.
| 《·》: | 夫辯者，將以明是非之分，審治亂之紀，明同異之處，察名實之理，處利害，決嫌疑 | | "Distinguishing" will be used to make clear the distinction between so and not-so; investigate the rules of order and chaos; make clear the locations of similarity and difference; examine the patterns of name and stuff; locate benefit and harm, and resolve doubts. | | 《·》: | 聞而審則為福矣，聞而不審，不若無聞矣。 | | 《·》: | 明主之治也，審是非，察事情，以度量案之，合於法則行，不合於法則止。 | | 《·》: | 夫聖人君子，明盛衰之源，通成敗之端，審治亂之機，知去就之節。 |
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shěn ㄕㄣˇ (2.2): 訊問，審訊。 Interrogation, trial.
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shěn ㄕㄣˇ (3): 清楚，明白。 Clear, unambiguous.
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shěn ㄕㄣˇ (4): 慎重，審慎。 Cautious, prudent, take seriously.
| 《·》: | 是故辟、侔、援、推之辭，行而異，轉而危，遠而失，流而離本，則不可不審也，不可常用也。 | | Thus the sayings of Analogy, Similarity, Leading, and Extending, proceed and become different, turn and become unsafe, go far and become lost, flow and lose their foundation - this must be examined, and they cannot be constantly applied. | | 《·》: | 名利之所出，不可不審也。 | | It is necessary to examine whence fame and profit spring. | | 《·》: | 故曰：「兵者，凶器也，」不可不審用也。 | | 《·》: | 故舉錯不可不審。 | | 《》: | 且下之化上疾於景響，舉錯不可不審也。 | | 《》: | 然則人主之好惡喜怒，乃天之暖清寒暑也，不可不審其處而出也。 |
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shěn ㄕㄣˇ (5): 確實，果真。 True, reliable.
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pán ㄆㄢˊ (6): 通「瀋」：水回流處。 Place where water swirls about.
| 《·》: | 鯢桓之審為淵，止水之審為淵，流水之審為淵。 | | Where the water wheels about from (the movements of) a dugong, there is an abyss; where it does so from the arresting (of its course), there is an abyss; where it does so, and the water keeps flowing on, there is an abyss. |
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