Chinese Text Project Dictionary

Daoism -> Zhuangzi -> Outer Chapters -> The Full Understanding of Life -> 7

祝宗人玄端以臨牢筴，	The officer of Prayer in his dark and squarecut robes goes to the pig-pen,
說彘曰：	and thus counsels the pigs,
「汝奚惡死？	'Why should you shrink from dying?
吾將三月豢汝，	I will for three months feed you on grain.
十日戒，	Then for ten days I will fast,
三日齊，	and keep vigil for three days,
藉白茅，	after which I will put down the mats of white grass,
加汝肩尻乎彫俎之上，	and lay your shoulders and rumps on the carved stand;
則汝為之乎？」	will not this suit you?'
為彘謀曰：	If he had spoken from the standpoint of the pigs, he would have said,
「不如食以糠糟，	'The better plan will be to feed us with our bran and chaff,
而錯之牢筴之中。」	and leave us in our pen.'
自為謀，	When consulting for himself,
則苟生有軒冕之尊，	he preferred to enjoy, while he lived, his carriage and cap of office,
死得於腞、楯之上，聚僂之中，則為之。	and after death to be borne to the grave on the ornamented carriage, with the canopy over his coffin.
為彘謀則去之，	Consulting for the pigs, he did not think of these things,
自為謀則取之，	but for himself he would have chosen them.
所異彘者何也？	Why did he think so differently (for himself and) for the pigs?

Character	Composition	Variants	Reading	Meaning	Hanyu	Kangxi	Cihai
祝	示+5	𥘱	zhù zhòu chù ㄓㄨˋ ㄓㄡˋ ㄔㄨˋ	pray for happiness or blessings	v4,p2393#01	p.842#01	p.978r5c04
宗	宀+5		zōng ㄗㄨㄥ	lineage, ancestry; ancestor, clan	v2,p0917#11	p.283#14	p.411r6c01
人	人+0	𠔽亻	rén ㄖㄣˊ	Man, person. / Others, other people. / The people, ordinary men. / Talent, material. / [A man's] character. / Affairs of men, world of man. / Benevolence.	v1,p0101#10	p.91#01	p.80r2c01
玄	玄+0	𤣥伭	xuán xuàn ㄒㄩㄢˊ ㄒㄩㄢˋ	deep, profound, abstruse; KangXi radical 95	v1,p0280#03	p.725#01	p.883r1c01
端	立+9	耑	duān ㄉㄨㄢ	end, extreme; head; beginning	v4,p2714#01	p.872#32	p.1005r3c05
以	人+3	㠯	yǐ ㄧˇ	Use. / Believe. / Command. / Lead. / Connect, implicate. / Have. / Cause, reason. / Preposition: because. / Preposition: from, in. / Preposition: at [some time]. / Preposition: using. / Preposition: in accordance with. / Preposition: relying upon. / Preposition: in the capacity of. / Preposition: with, together with. / Connective: indicates the following action is the objective of the preceding one. / Connective: used between adverbial clause and verb to express modification. / Connective: and. / Connective: but. / Connective: and so, thus. / Particle: used together with some words expressing direction and time. / Modal particle. / Same as 「已(1)」 yǐ ㄧˇ: Stop, discontinue. / Same as 「已(7.2)」 yǐ ㄧˇ: Adverb: already. / Same as 「已(7.3)」 yǐ ㄧˇ: Adverb: extremely.	v1,p0105#07	p.94#01	p.87r6c01
臨	臣+11	臨𦣷临	lín lìn ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄌㄧㄣˋ	draw near, approach; descend	v4,p2802#19	p.999#24	p.1106r5c01
牢	牛+3	牢𡘠	láo lào lóu ㄌㄠˊ ㄌㄠˋ ㄌㄡˊ	prison; stable, pen; secure	v3,p1802#06	p.698#01	p.869r1c01
筴	竹+7	䇲	cè jiā ㄘㄜˋ ㄐㄧㄚ	type of grass used in divination; to divine; pincers	v5,p2972#11	p.886#05	p.1014r5c04
說	言+7	説说	shuō ㄕㄨㄛ	Explain. / Tell. / Advocate. / Oath. / A type of writing expounding upon a canon.	v6,p3979#03	p.1164#08	p.1246r4c02
			shuì ㄕㄨㄟˋ	Recommend, persuade. / Stop.
			yuè ㄩㄝˋ	Same as 「悅(1)」 yuè ㄩㄝˋ: Happy, pleased, like. / To please.
彘	彐+9		zhì ㄓˋ	Pig	v2,p0961#14	p.362#17	p.507r2c01
曰	曰+0		yuē ㄩㄝ	(1) 說。 Say, speak.	v2,p1482#02	p.502#01	p.648r3c03
汝	水+3		rǔ ㄖㄨˇ	The Ru, a river. / Second person pronoun: you.	v3,p1555#04	p.606#02	p.764r6c01
奚	大+7		xī xí ㄒㄧㄒㄧˊ	where? what? how? why?; servant	v1,p0541#11	p.252#10	p.373r2c03
惡	心+8	惡亞僫恶	è ㄜˋ	Evil. / Bad, not good. / Bad person. / Harm. / Vicious. / Turgid, fierce. / Ugly. / A poor harvest. / Disease, illness. / Uncomfortable, unhappy. / Dirt. / Excrement.	v4,p2307#12	p.391#25	p.535r4c01
			wù ㄨˋ	Hate. / Shame. / Avoid. / Slander, attack.
			wū ㄨ	Interrogative pronoun: how, what. / Exclamation.
死	歹+2	𠑾𣥴	sǐ ㄙˇ	die; dead; death	v2,p1380#06	p.578#22	p.740r6c06
吾	口+4	𠮣	wú ㄨˊ	First person pronoun: I, we. / Defend, resist.	v1,p0585#13	p.180#03	p.260r5c01
			yú ㄩˊ	See 吾吾.
			yá ㄧㄚˊ	Yunyu, an ancient district.
將	寸+8	𤕭𢪇将畺	jiāng ㄐㄧㄤ	Take. / Use. / Push forward. / Drive. / Help, support. / Help financially. / Advance, go forward. / Carry out, execute. / Follow. / Comply, submit. / Do, carry out. / Accompany, see off. / Transmit. / Express. / Offer (as a sacrifice). / Look after, raise. / Protect. / Strong, robust. / Long time. / Carry, lead. / Side, beside. / Will, about to. / Close to, almost. / How? / Preposition: with. / Connective: and, with. / Connective: or, otherwise. / Connective: if, supposing. / Particle used after a verb. / A kind of insect.	v4,p2375#10	p.294#16	p.434r1c03
			jiàng ㄐㄧㄤˋ	Command troops. / Military commander. / Appoint as military commander.
			qiāng ㄑㄧㄤ	Please, humbly request. / [Onomatopoeia]
			zāng ㄗㄤ	Female sheep.
三	一+2	叁弎	sān sàn ㄙㄢㄙㄢˋ	three	v1,p0004#03	p.76#05	p.11r2c01
月	月+0		yuè ㄩㄝˋ	moon; month; KangXi radical 74	v3,p2041#01	p.504#19	p.655r4c05
豢	豕+6		huàn ㄏㄨㄢˋ	domestic animals; feed, raise	v6,p3614#07	p.1196#04	p.1264r1c01
十	十+0	拾拾	shí ㄕˊ	ten, tenth; complete; perfect	v1,p0058#09	p.155#17	p.207r5c02
日	日+0	𡆸	rì mì ㄖˋ ㄇㄧˋ	sun; day; daytime	v2,p1482#01	p.489#01	p.627r1c01
戒	戈+3	𢦬	jiè ㄐㄧㄝˋ	warn, caution, admonish	v2,p1400#05	p.412#05	p.552r2c01
齊	齊+0	亝斉斋齋齐	zhāi ㄓㄞ	(15.1) 齋戒。後作「齋」。 Fast, abstain from meat, wine, etc.	v7,p4783#01	p.1531#06	p.1569r4c01
藉	艸+14	借𧃫耤	jiè jí ㄐㄧㄝˋ ㄐㄧˊ	mat, pad; rely on; pretext	v5,p3309#12	p.1063#42	p.1172r6c01
白	白+0	𦣺𤼽	bái bó ㄅㄞˊ ㄅㄛˊ	white; pure, unblemished; bright	v4,p2642#01	p.785#01	p.927r1c01
茅	艸+5	泖	máo ㄇㄠˊ	reeds, rushes, grass; surname	v5,p3199#01	p.1026#04	p.1133r5c02
加	力+3		jiā ㄐㄧㄚ	add to, increase, augment	v1,p0366#01	p.146#13	p.193r1c01
肩	肉+4		jiān xián ㄐㄧㄢㄒㄧㄢˊ	shoulders; to shoulder; bear	v3,p2052#08	p.975#10	p.1090r1c04
尻	尸+2	䯌	kāo ㄎㄠ	end of spine; buttocks, sacrum	v2,p0965#05	p.300#02	p.446r2c01
乎	丿+4	虖	hū ㄏㄨ	Modal particle expressing questioning or a rhetorical question. / Modal particle expressing admiration or exclamation. / Modal particle expressing estimation. / Modal particle expressing request or order. / Modal particle expressing calling. / Modal particle expressing consideration. / Modal particle expressing affirmation. / Particle used after adjectives. / Particle used in the middle of a sentence to express a pause. / Preposition: in, from, to.	v1,p0036#08	p.82#07	p.47r3c03
彫	彡+8	㓮雕鵰	diāo ㄉㄧㄠ	carve, decorate; emaciated	v2,p0855#04	p.363#23	p.508r3c02
俎	人+7	爼	zǔ ㄗㄨˇ	chopping board or block; painted	v1,p0156#04	p.104#21	p.106r6c01
之	丿+3	㞢	zhī ㄓ	Towards; go to. / Demonstrative pronoun: this, these. / Third person pronoun: him, her, it. / Auxiliary word: of. / Auxiliary word: used between subject and predicate, cancels independence of a clause. / Auxiliary word: used in a sentence for aesthetic purpose only, no meaning.	v1,p0043#01	p.82#04	p.47r2c02
上	一+2	丄𠄞	shàng ㄕㄤˋ	top; superior, highest; go up, send up	v1,p0005#04	p.76#07	p.24r2c01
則	刀+7	𠟻𠟭𠞋𠟔则	zé ㄗㄜˊ	Method, rule. / Mimic, emulate. / Level, grade. / Adverb used to emphasize an assertion. / Adverb used to express scope: only. / Connective expressing continuation: then, and then. / Connective emphasizing comparison. / Connective expressing contrast. / Connective expressing allowance: yet, even so. / Connective expressing unexpected turn of events. / Connective expressing suppostion: if.	v1,p0340#06	p.139#31	p.183r5c05
為	火+5	爲为	wéi ㄨㄟˊ	Create, make. / Build, construct. / Do. / Plant, grow. / Govern. / Research, study. / Serve as. / Change into, become. / As, in the role of. / Count as, be considered as. / Called, named. / Expresses judgement: is. / Make, cause (to). / Have. / Take part in. / Write, author. / Connective: if. / Particle used in the middle of a sentence to move forward the object. / Modal particle used at the end of a sentence to express a rhetorical question.	v3,p2198#11	p.669#10	p.844r4c03
			wèi ㄨㄟˋ	Help, assist. / Preposition: for, on behalf of. / Preposition: by (passive). / Preposition: because of, due to. / Preposition: with, together with. / Connective: because. / Say. / False, fake.
乎	丿+4	虖	hū ㄏㄨ	(1.1) 語氣詞：表示疑問或反問，相當於「嗎」或「呢」。 Modal particle expressing questioning or a rhetorical question.	v1,p0036#08	p.82#07	p.47r3c03
謀	言+9	𠰔𧦥谋	móu ㄇㄡˊ	plan, scheme; strategem	v6,p3993#19	p.1173#07	p.1251r5c01
不	一+3	不𠀚𠙐	bù ㄅㄨˋ	Not have. / To not be. / Negational adverb, used before verbs, adjectives, etc. to indicate negation. / Negational adverb expressing prohibition: do not. / Negational adverb expressing rhetorical question: is not...?	v1,p0011#06	p.76#15	p.30r1c01
			fǒu ㄈㄡˇ	Same as 「否(1.2)」 fǒu ㄈㄡˇ: Adverb used together with an affirmative word, expressing its negative or opposite. / Same as 「否(1.3)」 fǒu ㄈㄡˇ: Adverb used at the end of a question to form a yes-no question.
			fū ㄈㄨ	Sepal of a flower.
			pī ㄆㄧ	Same as 「丕(1)」 pī ㄆㄧ: Large.
			bǐ ㄅㄧˇ	Show disdain for.
如	女+3		rú ㄖㄨˊ	Go to. / According to, in accordance with. / Like, similar to. / As good as, comparable to. / Should. / Or, alternatively. / If, should it be the case. / As for, as regards. / Adjectival suffix.	v2,p1025#09	p.255#21	p.378r5c02
食	食+0	饣𩚁飠𩚃餐	shí sì yì ㄕˊ ㄙˋ ㄧˋ	eat; meal; food; KangXi radical number 184	v7,p4440#01	p.1415#29	p.1489r2c03
糠	米+11	穅	kāng ㄎㄤ	chaff, bran, husks; poor	v5,p3159#07	p.912#31	p.1028r3c02
糟	米+11	醩	zāo ㄗㄠ	sediment, dregs; pickle	v5,p3158#02	p.912#30	p.1028r2c03
而	而+0		ér ㄦˊ	Whiskers. / Like, similar to. / Pronoun: you. / Pronoun: this, like this. / Connective: and, with. / Connective: and, then. / Connective: if, supposing. / Connective: yet, however. / Connective: therefore, hence. / Connective: expresses method or state. / Particle: of. / Expressive particle.	v4,p2810#01	p.961#18	p.1080r2c03
			néng ㄋㄥˊ	Same as 「能(3)」 néng ㄋㄥˊ: Able to, competent. / Same as 「能(2.1)」 néng ㄋㄥˊ: Ability, talent.
錯	金+8	䥘错	cuò cù xī ㄘㄨㄛˋ ㄘㄨˋ ㄒㄧ	error, blunder, mistake, wrong	v6,p4214#18	p.1312#12	p.1386r4c03
中	丨+3	𠁧𠁩塚	zhōng zhòng ㄓㄨㄥㄓㄨㄥˋ	central; center, middle; in the midst of; hit (target); attain	v1,p0028#10	p.79#03	p.37r4c02
自	自+0	𦣹鼻	zì ㄗˋ	Oneself. / Begin, beginning. / From. / Originally. / Natural, naturally. / Supposing, if. / Even, even if.	v5,p3046#01	p.1000#07	p.1108r3c01
苟	艸+5	茍𠷜	gǒu gōu ㄍㄡˇ ㄍㄡ	careless, frivolous; illicit; grammatical particle: if, but, if only; surname; grass name; distinguish DKW 30853 (ji4)	v5,p3194#12	p.1023#05	p.1129r6c01
生	生+0	𤯓	shēng ㄕㄥ	life, living, lifetime; birth	v4,p2575#01	p.754#26	p.906r5c03
有	月+2		yǒu ㄧㄡˇ	Have, possess. / Store, collect. / Occupy. / Hold on to, retain. / Have in abundance. / Good harvest. / Obtain. / Only. / Be, exist. / Occur, happen. / Make. / Particle used before a noun with no meaning. / Particle used before a monosyllabic adjective with no meaning. / Particle used before a verb with no meaning. / Still, yet. / Some people. / Region.	v3,p2041#05	p.504#20	p.656r5c01
			yòu ㄧㄡˋ	Help, assist. / Same as 「又(3)」 yòu ㄧㄡˋ: Moreover.
軒	車+3	轩	xuān xiǎn xiàn hǎn jiān ㄒㄩㄢㄒㄧㄢˇ ㄒㄧㄢˋ ㄏㄢˇ ㄐㄧㄢ	carriage; high; wide; balcony; surname of the Yellow Emperor	v5,p3514#06	p.1240#03	p.1298r6c03
冕	冂+9		miǎn ㄇㄧㄢˇ	crown; ceremonial cap	v2,p1514#06	p.129#30	p.165r4c03
尊	寸+9		zūn ㄗㄨㄣ	respect, revere, venerate; honor	v1,p0509#06	p.295#10	p.435r4c01
得	彳+8	𢔶䙷𢔨	dé ㄉㄜˊ	Get, obtain. / Plunder. / Covet. / Success. / Fitting, appropriate. / Compatible. / Satisfied, pleased. / Possible, can. / Same as 「德(1)」 dé ㄉㄜˊ: Morals, morality. / Same as 「德(3)」 dé ㄉㄜˊ: Reward kindness, thank.	v2,p0828#03	p.367#31	p.513r6c02
於	方+4	烏𣱏𤕘于亏扵	yú ㄩˊ	Be (copula). / Be, exist. / Preposition: in. / Preposition: from or to. / Preposition: compared to. / Preposition: to, for, towards. / Preposition: by (indicating passive tense). / Preposition: with, using. / Preposition: due to, because of. / Preposition: by, according to. / Connective: just as. / Auxiliary word, no meaning.	v3,p2175#02	p.481#11	p.622r2c03
腞	肉+9		zhuàn dùn tú ㄓㄨㄢˋ ㄉㄨㄣˋ ㄊㄨˊ		v3,p2100#06	p.988#03	p.1101r6c02
楯	木+9		shǔn ㄕㄨㄣˇ	shield; horizontal bar	v2,p1252#04	p.541#10	p.710r4c01
聚	耳+8		jù ㄐㄩˋ	assemble, meet together, collect	v4,p2791#18	p.967#41	p.1084r1c01
僂	人+11	偻	lǚ lóu ㄌㄩˇ ㄌㄡˊ	humpback; surname	v1,p0210#18	p.115#17	p.124r5c01
去	厶+3		qù ㄑㄩˋ	Leave, go away from. / Send away. / Remove, get rid of. / Banish, discard. / Lose, cease to possess. / Distance, separation. / Previous, past. / Later, after.	v1,p0384#08	p.164#10	p.232r1c04
			jǔ ㄐㄩˇ	Collect, keep.
			qū ㄑㄩ	Expel.
取	又+6		qǔ ㄑㄩˇ	Cut off (the ears). / Catch, capture. / Take, exact. / Gain, take possession of. / Incur. / Achieve an easy victory. / Defeat in battle, conquer. / Extract from, come out of. / Take, choose, pick out. / Select, appoint. / Take a wife. / Adverb: expresses range, scope: merely.	v1,p0395#01	p.166#04	p.236r3c01
所	戶+4	𢨷	suǒ ㄙㄨㄛˇ	Place. / Location. / A suitable place or location. / Measure word, used for counting buldings. / Used before a verb, creates a noun-like phrase. / If. Mainly used in oaths and curses. / Used together with 為 to indicate the passive tense. / Indicates an approximate number. / Number, number of times. / Meaning.	v3,p2259#01	p.415#16	p.556r1c01
異	田+6	異𢄖异	yì ㄧˋ	different, unusual, strange	v4,p2540#05	p.763#18	p.916r1c02
者	老+4		zhě ㄓㄜˇ	Pronoun used after verbs, adjectives, etc. in place of a person or thing. / Pronoun used after numbers in place of a thing. / Pronoun used after time or negation to express "when" or "if". / Expressive particle used in a declarative sentence after the subject. / Expressive particle used in a sentence after the subject to express cause or explanation.	v4,p2780#05	p.961#01	p.1080r1c01
			zhuó ㄓㄨㄛˊ	In, located in.
何	人+5		hé ㄏㄜˊ	Ask, enquire. / What. / Who, which one. / How, in what way. / Why, for what reason. / Where, in what place. / How much, to what extent.	v1,p0130#04	p.98#15	p.97r2c04
			hē ㄏㄜ	Criticize, condemn.
			hè ㄏㄜˋ	Carry on one's back. / Bear, carry a burden.
也	乙+2	𠃟匜	yě ㄧㄝˇ	Modal particle used at the end of a sentence, expressing assertion and affirmation. / Modal particle used at the end of a question for emphasis. / Modal particle used at the end of a cause-effect sentence to express explanation. / Modal particle used in the middle of a sentence to express a pause.	v1,p0050#05	p.84#04	p.55r1c01

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