| Chinese Text Project | |
| Simplified Chinese version |
| 降 U+964D |  Seal script |  Jinwen |  Jiaguwen |  Jianbo | 夅 Semantic variant Semantic variant Specialized semantic variant | 降 Alternate form |
| Radical: | 阜+ 6 strokes = 9 strokes total. |
|---|---|
| References: | Guangyun: p.39#35 p.345#32 Kangxi: p.1349#12 Cihai: p.1421r2c02 GSR: 1015.a Hanyu: v6,p4126#18 |
| Composition: | Left: 阝, right: 夅. Compositionally related: 降 . Component of: 𡲣 𡹷 𭉓 𤌅 𤯲 𧌰 𫁫 𩄐 |
| Mandarin: | jiàng xiáng xiàng ㄐㄧㄤˋ ㄒㄧㄤˊ ㄒㄧㄤˋ |
| Cantonese: | gong3 hong4 |
| Tang reconstruction: | gàng hang |
| Shuowen: | 《𨸏部》降：下也。从𨸏夅声。 |
| Guangyun: | 《广韵·上平声·江·栙》降：降伏。又古巷切。 《广韵·去声·绛·绛》降：下也，归也，落也，又音缸伏也。 |
| Kangxi: | 《康熙字典·阜部·六》降：〔古文〕夅《广韵》下江切《集韵》《韵会》《正韵》胡江切，𠀤音缸。《尔雅·释诂》降，落也。《礼·曲礼》羽鸟曰降。《释文》降，戸江反。又《尔雅·释言》降，下也。《书·尧典》厘降二女于嬀汭。《禹贡》桑土旣蚕，是降丘宅土。《又》北过降水。《水经注》郑注尚书，北过降水，云：降，下江反，声转爲共。今河内北共山，淇水共水出焉，东至魏郡黎阳，入河，近所谓降水也。周时国于此地者，恶言降，故攺爲共耳。又《玉篇》降，伏也。《春秋·庄八年》师及齐师围郕，郕降于齐师。又《尔雅·释天》降娄，奎娄也。《注》奎爲沟渎，故爲降。《疏》孙炎云：降，下也。《左传·襄三十年》于是岁在降娄，降娄中而旦。《注》周七月，今五月，降娄中而天明。《释文》降，戸江反。○按集韵、类篇收入绛韵，作胡降切，非。又《集韵》乎攻切，音䃔。下也。又《屈原·离骚》帝高阳之苗裔兮，朕皇考曰伯庸。摄提贞于孟陬兮，惟庚寅吾以降。《注》降，乎攻反。《班固·北征颂》奉圣皇之明策，奋无前之严锋。采伊吾之城壁，蹈天山而遥降。又《唐韵正》古音洪，凡降下之降，与降服之降，俱读爲平声。故自汉以上之文无读爲去声者。《诗·召南》未见君子，忧心忡忡。亦旣见止，亦旣觏止，我心则降。又《大雅》瑟彼玉瓒，黄流在中。岂弟君子，福禄攸降。《又》旣燕于宗，福禄攸降。公尸燕飮，福禄来崇。《左传·哀二十六年》六卿三族降听政。《注》降，和同也。和同卽切降字，乃疾言徐言之别耳。《楚辞·九歌》灵皇皇兮旣降，猋远举兮云中。又《天问》皆归射𥷚而无害厥躬，何后益作革而禹播降。◎按降下之降今读去声，相沿已久，然唐韵正历有明据，应从之。类篇降字无平声，非。又《唐韵》《集韵》《韵会》《正韵》𠀤古巷切，音绛。《玉篇》下也，落也，归也。《正韵》贬也。〇按降以去声爲正音，自玉篇始。又叶胡郞切，音杭。《楚辞·九歌》靑云衣兮白霓裳。举长矢兮射天狼，操余弧兮反沦降。《东方朔·七谏》忠臣贞而欲谏兮，谗谀毁而在旁。秋草荣其将实兮，微霜下而夜降。又叶胡贡切，鸿去声。《郭璞·山海经巫咸赞》羣有十巫，巫咸所统。经技是𢯱，术艺是综。采药灵山，随时登降。《北齐·享庙乐章》彝斝应时，龙蒲代用。藉茅无咎，福禄攸降。又叶馀亮切，音漾。《习凿齿灯诗》煌煌问夜灯，修修树闲亮。灯随风炜𤍞，风与灯升降。又叶覃韵。《梁鸿·适吴诗》游旧邦兮遐征，将遥集兮东南。心惙怛兮伤悴，志菲菲兮升降。欲乗策兮纵迈，疾吾俗兮作谗。○按诸韵书无叶覃韵者，存俟考证。 |
| Fanqie: | 下江 (《广韵·上平声·江·栙》) 古巷 (《广韵·上平声·江·栙》) 古巷 (《广韵·去声·绛·绛》) |
| Unihan definition: | descend, fall, drop; lower, down |
Example usage
| 《论语·乡党》: | 出，降一等，逞颜色，怡怡如也。 |
| When he came out from the audience, as soon as he had descended one step, he began to relax his countenance, and had a satisfied look. | |
| 《孟子·告子下》: | 故天将降大任于是人也，必先苦其心志，劳其筋骨，饿其体肤，空乏其身，行拂乱其所为，所以动心忍性，曾益其所不能。 |
| Thus, when Heaven is about to confer a great office on any man, it first exercises his mind with suffering, and his sinews and bones with toil. It exposes his body to hunger, and subjects him to extreme poverty. It confounds his undertakings. By all these methods it stimulates his mind, hardens his nature, and supplies his incompetencies. | |
| 《礼记·问丧》: | 此孝子之志也，人情之实也，礼义之经也，非从天降也，非从地出也，人情而已矣。 |
| Such is the mind of the filial son, the real expression of human feeling, the proper method of propriety and righteousness. It does not come down from heaven, it does not come forth from the earth; it is simply the expression of the human feelings. | |
| 《扬子法言·序》: | 天降生民，倥侗颛蒙，恣乎情性，聪明不开，训诸理，撰《学行》。 |
| When Tian gives birth to the masses, they are naive and ignorant. They give free reign to their desires and original natures, and their intelligence is undeveloped. To teach them the proper principles, I have written "Learning and Practice." | |
| 《墨子·尚贤中》: | 乃名三后，恤功于民，伯夷降典，哲民维刑。 |
| Thereupon three chiefs were commissioned to care for and consolate the people: (1) Bo Yi delivered the laws and statutes and taught therewith the people. | |
| 《庄子·逍遥游》: | 时雨降矣，而犹浸灌，其于泽也，不亦劳乎！ |
| When the seasonal rains are coming down, if we still keep watering the ground, will not our toil be labour lost for all the good it will do? | |
| 《道德经》: | 天地相合，以降甘露，民莫之令而自均。 |
| Heaven and Earth (under its guidance) unite together and send down the sweet dew, which, without the directions of men, reaches equally everywhere as of its own accord. | |
| 《商君书·定分》: | 天子名，则主法令之民，皆降受命发官。 |
| Whereupon the Son of Heaven would personally preside over the law and promulgate it. All should then issue to their inferiors the mandates they have received. | |
| 《史记·五帝本纪》: | 黄帝居于轩辕之丘，而娶于西陵之女，是为嫘祖为黄帝正妃，生二子，其后皆有天下：其一曰玄嚣，是为青阳，青阳降居江水。 |
| Huangdi lived at Xuanyuan hill, and married a woman of 'Western range' land called Leizu, who was his principal wife, and bore him two sons, both of whose descendants held Imperial sway. The eldest, named Xuanxiao, or Qingyang, dwelt on the Jiang stream. | |
| 《荀子·大略》: | 霜降逆女，冰泮杀止，十日一御。 |
| 《说苑·辨物》: | 周惠王十五年，有神降于莘。 |
| 《春秋繁露·玉英》: | 是故星坠谓之陨，螽附谓之雨，其所发之处不同，或降于天，或发于地，其辞不可同也。 |
| 《韩诗外传·卷一》: | 君人者、降礼尊贤而王，重法爱民而霸，好利多诈而危，权谋倾覆而亡。 |
| 《大戴礼记·夏小正》: | 来降燕。 |
| 《白虎通德论·爵》: | 君降立于阼阶南面向，所命北向，央由君右执策命之。 |
| 《新书·劝学》: | 今夫子之达，佚乎老聃，而诸子之材，不避荣跦，而无千里之远，重茧之患，亲与巨贤连席而坐，对膝相视，从容谈语，无问不应，是天降大命以达吾德也。 |
| 《新序·善谋下》: | 降城即以侯其将，得赐即以予其士，与天下同其利，豪杰贤人，皆乐为其用。 |
| 《中论·贵验》: | 故善钓者不易渊而殉鱼，君子不降席而追道。 |
| 《孔子家语·王言解》: | 故明王之政，犹时雨之降，降至则民说矣。 |
| 《潜夫论·论荣》: | 夫令誉从我兴，而二命自天降之。 |
| 《论衡·命义》: | 秦将白起坑赵降卒于长平之下，四十万众同时皆死。 |
| 《太玄经·玄测都序》: | 阳推五福以类升，阴幽六极以类降，升降相关，大贞乃通。 |
| 《风俗通义》: | 元服子夏甫，前后徵命，终不降志，亚作者之遗风矣 |
| 《孔丛子·记义》: | 孔子适齐，齐景公让登，夫子降一等。 |
| 《申鉴·政体》: | 天道在尔，惟帝茂止，陟降肤止，万国康止。 |
| 《忠经·证应章》: | 《书》云：“作善降之百祥，作不善降之百殃。” |
| 《新语·道基》: | 故曰：张日月，列星辰，序四时，调阴阳，布气治性，次置五行，春生夏长，秋收冬藏，阳生雷电，阴成雪霜，养育群生，一茂一亡，润之以风雨，曝之以日光，温之以节气，降之以殒霜，位之以众星，制之以斗衡，苞之以六合，罗之以纪纲，改之以灾变，告之以祯祥，动之以生杀，悟之以文章。 |
| 《独断·卷上》: | 士一庙，降大夫二也。 |
| 《蔡中郎集·独断》: | 士一庙，降大夫二也。 |
| 《列子·汤问》: | 则景风翔，庆云浮，甘露降，澧泉涌。 |
| 《鶡冠子·近迭》: | 鶡冠子曰：“行枉则禁，反正则舍，是故不杀降人，主道所高，莫贵约束，得地失信，圣王弗据，倍言负约，各将有故。” |
| 《文子·道原》: | 风兴云蒸，雷声雨降，并应无穷，已雕已琢，还复于朴。 |
| 《文始真经·二柱》: | 自中而升为天，自中而降为地。 |
| 《列仙传·师门》: | 风雨既降，肃尔高逝。 |
| 《老子河上公章句》: | 天地相合，以降甘露，侯王动作能与天相应和，天即降下甘露善瑞也。 |
| 《韩非子·初见秦》: | 襄主钻龟筮占兆，以视利害，何国可降。 |
| 《谏逐客书》: | 是以地无四方，民无异国，四时充美，鬼神降福，此五帝、三王之所以无敌也。 |
| 《管子·轻重戊》: | 因令人闭关不与楚通使，楚王果自得而修谷，谷不可三月而得也，楚籴四百，齐因令人载粟处芊之南，楚人降齐者十分之四，三年而楚服 |
| 《吴子·应变》: | 其有请降，许而安之。 |
| 《六韬·立将》: | 兵不接刃，而敌降服。 |
| 《尉缭子·攻权》: | 敌救未至，而一城已降。 |
You can examine all occurrences of this character or phrase in Pre-Qin and Han texts or Post-Han texts on the site.
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