| Chinese Text Project | |
| Simplified Chinese version |
| 臣 U+81E3 |  Seal script |  Jinwen |  Jiaguwen |  Jianbo | 𢘑 Semantic variant |
| Radical: | 臣+ 0 strokes = 6 strokes total. |
|---|---|
| References: | Guangyun: p.102#18 Kangxi: p.999#13 Cihai: p.1106r2c02 GSR: 377.a Hanyu: v4,p2801#01 |
| Composition: | Component of: 卧 𠈄 𠙉 𠡗 臤 卧 𭎏 𦣟 𭘍 𭰍 䢻 姫 𡇖 宦 弫 挋 𠱸 𢙞 烥 𦚠 [More] |
| Mandarin: | chén ㄔㄣˊ |
| Cantonese: | san4 |
| Tang reconstruction: | *zhin |
| Shuowen: | 《臣部》臣：牵也。事君也。象屈服之形。凡臣之属皆从臣。 |
| Guangyun: | 《广韵·上平声·眞·辰》臣：伏也，男子贱称春秋说曰正气爲帝闲气爲臣孝经说曰臣者坚也。 |
| Kangxi: | 《康熙字典·臣部·臣部》臣：〔古文〕𢘑《唐韵》植邻切《集韵》《韵会》丞眞切，𠀤音辰。事人之称。《说文》臣，牵也，事君也。象屈服之形。《白虎通》臣者，缠也，励志自坚固也。《广韵》伏也。仕于公曰臣，任于家曰仆。《易·序卦》有父子，然后有君臣，有君臣，然后有上下。《诗·小雅》率土之滨，莫非王臣。又《前汉·王陵传》陈平谢曰：主臣。《注》文颖曰：惶恐之辞，犹今言死罪。晋灼曰：主，击也。臣，服也。言其击服。惶恐之辞。《通雅》发语敬谢之辞，犹主在上，臣在下，自然敬恐也。又姓。《奇姓通》唐臣悦，著平陈纪。又《韵补》叶音禅。《道藏歌》跻景西那东，肆觐善因缘。常融无地官，皆是圣皇臣。 |
| Fanqie: | 植邻 (《广韵·上平声·眞·辰》) |
| Unihan definition: | minister, statesman, official |
Example usage
| 《论语·八佾》: | 定公问：“君使臣，臣事君，如之何？” |
| The duke Ding asked how a prince should employ his ministers, and how ministers should serve their prince. | |
| 《孟子·尽心上》: | 人莫大焉亡亲戚、君臣、上下。 |
| A man can have no greater crimes than to disown his parents and relatives, and the relations of sovereign and minister, superiors and inferiors. | |
| 《礼记·缁衣》: | 臣仪行，不重辞，不援其所不及，不烦其所不知，则君不劳矣。 |
| When the ministers are exemplary in their conduct, and do not set a value on (fine) speeches; when they do not try to lead (the ruler) to what is unattainable, and do not trouble him with what cannot be (fully) known, then he is not toiled. | |
| 《孝经·谏诤》: | 昔者天子有争臣七人，虽无道，不失其天下。 |
| Anciently, if the Son of Heaven had seven ministers who would remonstrate with him, although he had not right methods of government, he would not lose his possession of the kingdom. | |
| 《扬子法言·序》: | 仲尼以来，国君将相，卿士名臣，参差不齐，一概诸圣，撰《重黎》。 |
| Since the time of Confucius, rulers of kingdoms, generals, chancellors, ministers, gentlemen, and famous officials have been variously and non-uniformly judged. I have uniformly judged them by the standards of the sage. Thus, I have written "Zhong and Li." | |
| 《墨子·经上》: | 君，臣萌通约也。 |
| The jun (ruler) is the common knot tying ministers and people. | |
| 《庄子·齐物论》: | 如是皆有，为臣妾乎，其臣妾不足以相治乎。 |
| Is it not the case that they all perform the part of your servants and waiting women? All of them being such, are they not incompetent to rule one another? | |
| 《道德经》: | 国家昏乱，有忠臣。 |
| When the states and clans fell into disorder, loyal ministers appeared. | |
| 《商君书·更法》: | 错法务明主长，臣之行也。 |
| To shape the laws and to see to it that an intelligent ruler reigns, are the tasks of a minister. | |
| 《荀子·大略》: | 君人者不可以不慎取臣，匹夫不可不慎取友。 |
| 《说苑·君道》: | 屡省考绩，以临臣下。 |
| 《春秋繁露·玉杯》: | 父不父则子不子，君不君则臣不臣耳。 |
| 《韩诗外传·卷一》: | 天子不得而臣也，诸侯不得而友也。 |
| 《大戴礼记·主言》: | 明主笃行三至，故天下之君可得而知也，天下之士可得而臣也，天下之民可得而用也。 |
| 《白虎通德论·爵》: | 《中候》曰：“天子臣放勋。” |
| 《新书·大政下》: | 故国丰且富，然后君乐也，忠臣之功也。 |
| 《新序·善谋下》: | 岁馀，上欲废太子，立戚氏夫人子赵王如意，大臣多争，未能得坚决者也。 |
| 《中论·虚道》: | 昔卫武公年过九十，犹夙夜不怠，思闻训道，命其群臣曰：“无谓我老耄而舍我，必朝夕交戒。” |
| 《孔子家语·相鲁》: | 今合之，所以掩夫子之不臣。 |
| 《潜夫论·务本》: | 人臣者，以忠正为本，以媚爱为末。 |
| 《论衡·命义》: | 及长，置以贤师良傅，教君臣、父子之道。 |
| 《太玄经·中》: | 测曰，“酋酋”之“包”、任臣则也。 |
| 《风俗通义·三王》: | 时尚臣属，何缘便得列三王哉 |
| 《孔丛子·论书》: | 孔子曰：“古之王者，臣有大功，死，则必祀之于庙，所以殊有绩、劝忠勤也。” |
| 《申鉴·政体》: | 其功格宇宙，粤有虎臣乱政，时亦惟荒圯湮，兹洪轨仪，鉴于三代之典，王允迪厥德，功业有尚。 |
| 《忠经·天地神明章》: | 至理之时，君臣同德，则休气应也。 |
| 《素书·原始章》: | 若时至而行，则能极人臣之位。 |
| 《新语·道基》: | 于是先圣乃仰观天文，俯察地理，图画乾坤，以定人道，民始开悟，知有父子之亲，君臣之义，夫妇之道，长幼之序。 |
| 《独断·卷上》: | 汉天子正号曰“皇帝”，自称曰“朕”，臣民称之曰“陛下”，其言曰“制诏”，史官记事曰“上”。 |
| 《蔡中郎集·独断》: | 孝武帝幸馆陶公主家，召见董偃，偃傅青褠绿帻，主赞曰：主家庖人臣偃昧死再拜谒，上为之起，乃赐衣冠，引上殿。 |
| 《列子·黄帝》: | 心如渊泉，形如处女，不偎不爱，仙圣为之臣。 |
| 《鶡冠子·天则》: | 九皇之制，主不虚王，臣不虚贵阶级。 |
| 《文子·精诚》: | 君臣乖心，倍谲见于天，神气相应，微矣，此谓不言之辩，不道之道也。 |
| 《文始真经·三极》: | 关尹子曰：“圣人师蜂，立君臣。” |
| 《列仙传·黄帝》: | 自择亡日，与群臣辞。 |
| 《老子河上公章句》: | 国家昏乱，有忠臣。 |
| 《韩非子·初见秦》: | 臣闻不知而言不智，知而不言不忠，为人臣不忠当死，言而不当亦当死。 |
| 《申不害·大体》: | 一臣专君，群臣皆蔽。 |
| 《慎子·因循》: | 是故先王见不受禄者不臣，禄不厚者，不与入难。 |
| 《谏逐客书》: | 秦宗室大臣皆言秦王曰：“诸侯人来事秦者，大抵为其主游闲于秦耳，请一切逐客。” |
| 《管子·轻重己》: | 以春日至始，数四十六日，春尽而夏始，天子服黄而静处，朝诸侯卿大夫列士，循于百姓，发号出令曰：“毋聚大众，毋行大火，毋断大木，诛大臣，毋斩大山，毋戮大衍，灭三大而国有害也。” |
You can examine all occurrences of this character or phrase in Pre-Qin and Han texts or Post-Han texts on the site.
| Enjoy this site? Please help. | Site design and content copyright 2006-2024. When quoting or citing information from this site, please link to the corresponding page or to https://ctext.org/ens. Please note that the use of automatic download software on this site is strictly prohibited, and that users of such software are automatically banned without warning to save bandwidth. 沪ICP备09015720号-3 | Comments? Suggestions? Please raise them here. |