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zhèng ㄓㄥˋ (1.1): 不偏，不斜。 Straight, not at an angle.
| 《·》: | 推恶恶之心，思与乡人立，其冠不正，望望然去之，若将浼焉。 | | Pursuing the examination of his dislike to what was evil, we find that he thought it necessary, if he happened to be standing with a villager whose cap was not rightly adjusted, to leave him with a high air, as if he were going to be defiled. | | 《·》: | 君者仪也，民者景也，仪正而景正。 | | 《·》: | 晏子乘而往，比至，衣冠不正，景公见而怪之，曰：“夫子何遽乎？” | | 《》: | 比至，衣冠不正，不革衣冠，望游而驰。 | | 《·》: | 衣冠不正，则宾者不肃。 |
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zhèng ㄓㄥˋ (1.2): 正当，合适。 Appropriate.
| 《·》: | 名不正，则言不顺。 | | If names be not correct, language is not in accordance with the truth of things. | | 《·》: | 臣闻之曰：“以乱攻治者亡，以邪攻正者亡，以逆攻顺者亡。” | | 《·》: | 夫名不正则言不顺，言不顺则事不成，事不成则礼乐不兴，礼乐不兴则刑罚不中，刑罚不中则民无所错手足矣。 | | 《》: | 其设名不正，故弃重任而违大命，非法言也。 | | 《·》: | 此五者，皆以牛为马，以马为牛，名不正也。 | | 《》: | 孔子曰：“必也正名，名不正则事不成。” |
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zhèng ㄓㄥˋ (2): 正常。 Normal.
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zhèng ㄓㄥˋ (3): 正派，正直。 Decent, upstanding.
| 《·》: | 子曰：“晋文公谲而不正，齐桓公正而不谲。” | | The Master said, "The duke Wen of Jin was crafty and not upright. The duke Huan of Qi was upright and not crafty." |
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zhèng ㄓㄥˋ (4.1): 正定，确定。 Fix, determine.
| 《·》: | 孟子曰：“离娄之明，公输子之巧，不以规矩，不能成方员：师旷之聪，不以六律，不能正五音。” | | Mencius said, 'The power of vision of Li Lou, and skill of hand of Gong Shu, without the compass and square, could not form squares and circles. The acute ear of the music-master Kuang, without the pitch-tubes, could not determine correctly the five notes.' |
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zhèng ㄓㄥˋ (4.2): 整治，治理。 Govern, rule.
| 《·》: | 昔者文公出走而正天下，桓公去国而霸诸侯，越王句践遇吴王之丑，而尚摄中国之贤君。 | | Formerly Lord Wen was once in exile and yet later became the leading feudal lord. Lord Huan was once forced to leave his state and yet later became a "tyrant" among the feudal lords. Lord Gou Jian of Yue was once brought under humiliation by the king of Wu, and yet he was later looked upon with awe by the princes of China. | | 《·》: | 吾未闻枉己而正人者也，况辱己以正天下者乎？ | | I have not heard of one who bent himself, and at the same time made others straight; how much less could one disgrace himself, and thereby rectify the whole kingdom? | | 《·》: | 下视上如父，则必正天下。 | | 《·》: | 武王正其身以正其国，正其国以正天下，伐无道，刑有罪，一动天下正，其事正矣。 | | 《·》: | 昔者汤克夏而正天下，天大旱，五年不收，汤乃以身祷于桑林，曰：“余一人有罪，无及万夫。” | | 《·》: | 故临财分利则使仁，涉患犯难则使勇，用智图国则使贤，正天下定诸侯则使圣。 |
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zhèng ㄓㄥˋ (4.3): 治罪。 Set punishments.
| 《·》: | 五辞简信，正于五刑。 | | 《·》: | 五辞简孚，正于五刑。 |
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zhèng ㄓㄥˋ (5): 正式的，为主的。与“副”相对。 Formal, primary.
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zhèng ㄓㄥˋ (6): 纯正，正宗。 Pure, unadulterated.
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zhèng ㄓㄥˋ (7): 嫡长。与“庶”相对。 Son by one's official wife.
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zhèng ㄓㄥˋ (8): 恰好，正好。 Luckily, fortuitously.
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zhèng ㄓㄥˋ (9): 表示动作或状态的进行和持续。 Expresses continuation of an action or state.
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zhèng ㄓㄥˋ (10): 官长。 Officer.
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zhèng ㄓㄥˋ (11): 只。 Only.
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zhèng ㄓㄥˋ (12): 通“政”：政治，政事。 Government, state affairs.
| 《·》: | 子墨子曰：“方今之时，复古之民始生，未有正长之时，盖其语曰‘天下之人异义’” | | Mozi said: As we look back to the time when there was yet no ruler, it seems the custom was "everybody in the world according to his own standard." | | 《》: | 居善地，心善渊，与善仁，言善信，正善治，事善能，动善时。 | | The excellence of a residence is in (the suitability of) the place; that of the mind is in abysmal stillness; that of associations is in their being with the virtuous; that of words is in their trustworthiness; that of government is in its securing good order; that of (the conduct of) affairs is in its ability; and that of (the initiation of) any movement is in its timeliness. | | 《》: | 范子因王稽入秦，献书昭王曰：“臣闻明主莅正，有功不得不赏，有能者不得不官。” |
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zhèng ㄓㄥˋ (13): 通“证”：证明，验证。 Prove, verify.
| 《·》: | 今秦有敝甲凋兵，军于渑池，愿渡河逾漳，据番吾，会邯郸之下，愿以甲子合战，以正殷纣之事，敬使使臣先闻左右。 | | 《·》: | 指九天以为正兮，夫唯灵修之故也。 |
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zhēng ㄓㄥ (14): 阴历每年的第一个月。见“正月”。 First month in the Chinese calander.
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zhēng ㄓㄥ (15): 箭靶中心。 Centre of a target.
| 《·》: | 终日射侯、不出正兮。 | | Shooting all day at the target, And never lodging outside the bird-square! |
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zhēng ㄓㄥ (16): 通“征”：征伐。 Attack, punitive expedition.
| 《·》: | 子墨子言曰：“逮至昔三代圣王既没，天下失义，诸侯力正，是以存夫为人君臣上下者之不惠忠也，父子弟兄之不慈孝弟长贞良也，正长之不强于听治，贱人之不强于从事也，民之为淫暴寇乱1盗贼，以兵刃毒药水火，退无罪人乎道路率径，夺人车马衣裘以自利者并作，由此始，是以天下乱” | | Mozi said: With the passing of the sage-kings of the Three Dynasties, the world lost its righteousness and the feudal lords took might as right. The superior and the subordinates are no longer gracious and loyal; father and son, elder and younger brother are no longer affectionate and filial, brotherly and respectful, virtuous and kind. The rulers do not attend diligently to government and the artisans do not attend earnestly to their work. The people practise immorality and wickedness and become rebellious. Thieves and bandits with weapons, poison, water, and fire hold up innocent travellers on the highways and the bypaths, robbing them of their carts and horses, coats and fur coats, to enrich themselves. All these start therewith (with the passing of the sage-kings). And so the world falls into chaos. |
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