| Chinese Text Project |
| 冠 U+51A0 |  Seal script |  Jianbo |
| Radical: | 冖+ 7 strokes = 9 strokes total. |
|---|---|
| References: | Guangyun: p.125#17 p.403#16 Kangxi: p.130#23 Cihai: p.165r6c07 GSR: 160.a Hanyu: v1,p0303#18 |
| Composition: | Top: 冖, bottom: 㝴. Component of: 𫱌 𬃧 𬏸 𥔒 蒄 𨩶 𪑪 |
| Mandarin: | guān guàn ㄍㄨㄢ ㄍㄨㄢˋ |
| Cantonese: | gun1 gun3 |
| Tang reconstruction: | guɑn guɑ̀n |
| Shuowen: | 《冖部》冠：絭也。所以絭髮，弁冕之緫名也。从冂从元，元亦聲。冠有法制，从寸。 |
| Guangyun: | 《廣韻·上平聲·桓·官》冠：首飾。《說文》曰：絭也，所以絭髮弁冕之緫名也，亦姓風俗通云古賢者鶡冠子之後。又音灌。 《廣韻·去聲·換·貫》冠：冠束。《白虎通》云：男子幼娶必冠女子幼嫁必笄又姓列仙傳有仙人冠先。又音官。 |
| Kangxi: | 《康熙字典·冖部·七》冠：《唐韻》《集韻》《韻會》古丸切《正韻》沽歡切，𠀤音官。《說文》絭也，所以絭髮。从冖，元。冠有法制，故从寸。《徐曰》取其在首，故从元。古亦謂冠爲元服。《白虎通》冠者，卷也。卷持其髮也。《釋名》冠，貫也，所以貫韜髮也。《後漢·輿服志》上古穴居野處，衣毛冒皮。後世聖人見鳥獸有冠角𩑞胡，遂制冠冕纓緌。又姓。《風俗通》古者鶡冠子之後。又《唐韻》《集韻》《韻會》《正韻》𠀤古玩切，官去聲。《禮·曲禮》二十曰弱冠。《冠儀》冠者，禮之始也。故聖王重冠。《白虎通》男子幼，娶必冠。《韻會》男子二十加冠曰冠。又爲衆之首曰冠。《前漢·魏相丙吉傳贊》高祖開基，蕭曹爲冠。《史記·灌夫傳》夫名冠三軍。又姓。《韻會》列仙傳有仙人冠先。又叶俱倫切，音麇。《張紘枕箴》瓌材允麗，惟淑惟珍。安安文枕，式彼弁冠。又《韻補》叶居員切，眷平聲。《劉歆·孟母贊》子學不進，斷機示焉。子遂成德，爲當世冠。又叶扃縣切，音睊。《蘇轍·燕山詩》丹子號無策，亦數游俠冠。玉帛非足云：女子罹蹈踐。 |
| Fanqie: | 古丸 (《廣韻·上平聲·桓·官》) 古玩 (《廣韻·去聲·換·貫》) |
| Unihan definition: | cap, crown, headgear |
Example usage
| 《論語·鄉黨》: | 羔裘玄冠不以弔。 |
| He did not wear lamb's fur or a black cap on a visit of condolence. | |
| 《孟子·萬章下》: | 思與鄉人處，如以朝衣朝冠坐於塗炭也。 |
| He considered his being in the same place with a villager, as if he were to sit amid mud and coals with his court robes and court cap. | |
| 《禮記·間傳》: | 斬衰三升，既虞卒哭，受以成布六升、冠七升。 |
| The sackcloth with jagged edges (worn at first) was made with 3 sheng, but after the sacrifice of repose when the wailing was over, this was exchanged for a different fabric made with 6 sheng, while the material for the cap was made with 7 sheng. | |
| 《揚子法言·序》: | 聖人聰明淵懿，繼天測靈，冠乎群倫，經諸範，譔《五百》。 |
| The sage, keenly intelligent and profoundly good, continues the work of Tian and fathoms the divine. Surpassing the common herd, he sets the standard. Thus, I have written "Five Hundred Years." | |
| 《墨子·兼愛中》: | 昔者晉文公好士之惡衣，故文公之臣皆牂羊之裘，韋以帶劍，練帛之冠，入以見於君，出以踐 於1朝。 |
| Formerly, Lord Wen of the state of Jin (about 630 B.C.) liked the uncouth uniform of the soldier. And so all his ministers and officers wore sheepskin jackets, carried their swords in leather girdles, and put on silk-spun hats. Thus attired, they attended the Lord when they went in and paced the court when they stayed out. | |
| 《莊子·天地》: | 且夫趣舍聲色以柴其內，皮弁、鷸冠、搢笏、紳修以約其外，內支盈於柴柵，外重纆繳，睆睆然在纆繳之中而自以為得，則是罪人交臂、歷指，而虎豹在於囊檻，亦可以為得矣。 |
| 'Moreover, those preferences and dislikes, that (fondness for) music and colours, serve but to pile up fuel (in their breasts); while their caps of leather, the bonnet with kingfishers' plumes, the memorandum tablets which they carry, and their long girdles, serve but as restraints on their persons. Thus inwardly stuffed full as a hole for fuel, and outwardly fast bound with cords, when they look quietly round from out of their bondage, and think they have got all they could desire, they are no better than criminals whose arms are tied together, and their fingers subjected to the screw, or than tigers and leopards in sacks or cages, and yet thinking that they have got (all they could wish). | |
| 《荀子·大略》: | 天子諸侯子十九而冠，冠而聽治，其教至也。 |
| 《說苑·脩文》: | 孔子見子桑伯子，子桑伯子不衣冠而處，弟子曰：「夫子何為見此人乎？」 |
| 《春秋繁露·服制像》: | 冠之在首，玄武之象也。 |
| 《韓詩外傳·卷一》: | 原憲楮冠黎杖而應門，正冠則纓絕，振襟則肘見，納履則踵決。 |
| 《大戴禮記·主言》: | 是以蠻夷諸夏雖衣冠不同、言語不合，莫不來至，朝覲於王。 |
| 《白虎通德論·爵》: | 《士冠經》曰：「天子之元子士也。」 |
| 《新書·保傅》: | 及太子既冠成人，免於保傅之嚴，則有司直之史，有虧膳之宰。 |
| 《新序·善謀下》: | 太子侍，四人者從太子，皆年八十有餘，鬢眉皓白，衣冠甚偉，上怪而問之曰：「何為者？」 |
| 《中論·脩本》: | 上懸乎冠緌，下繫乎帶珮。 |
| 《孔子家語·王言解》: | 是以蠻夷諸夏，雖衣冠不同，言語不合，莫不來賓。 |
| 《潛夫論·實邊》: | 當職勤勞而不錄，賢俊蓄積而悉，衣冠無所覬望，農夫無所貪利，是以逐稼中災，莫肯就外。 |
| 《論衡·幸偶》: | 韓昭侯醉臥而寒，典冠加之以衣，覺而問之，知典冠愛己也，以越職之故，加之以罪。 |
| 《太玄經·禮》: | 次八，冠戚䏔，履全履。 |
| 《風俗通義·五帝》: | 黃帝始制冠冕，垂衣裳，上棟下宇，以避風雨，禮文法度，興事創業。 |
| 《孔叢子·廣服》: | 弁髦，大古布冠，冠而敝之者也。 |
| 《新語·資質》: | 𡻭𡻭詰屈，委曲不同，然生於大都之廣地，近於大匠之名工，則材器制斷，規矩度量，堅者補朽，短者續長，大者治罇，小者治觴，飾以丹漆，斁以明光，上備太牢，春秋禮庠，褒以文彩，立禮矜莊，冠帶正容，對酒行觴，卿士列位，布陳宮堂，望之者目眩，近之者鼻芳。 |
| 《獨斷·卷下》: | 寢有衣冠几杖，象生之具，總謂之宮。 |
| 《蔡中郎集·獨斷》: | 珠冕、爵冔收、通天冠、進賢冠、長冠、緇布冠、委貌冠、皮弁、惠文冠，古者天子冠所加者，其次在漢禮。 |
| 《列子·黃帝》: | 顧見商丘開年老力弱，面目黎黑，衣冠不檢，莫不眲之。 |
| 《鶡冠子·近迭》: | 龐子問鶡冠子曰：「聖人之道何先？」 |
| 《文子·上德》: | 絲之為縞也，或為冠，或為远，冠則戴枝之，远則足蹍之。 |
| 《列仙傳·黃帝》: | 蹔蒞萬物，冠名百王。 |
| 《韓非子·有度》: | 兵四布於天下，威行於冠帶之國。 |
| 《慎子·逸文》: | 畫衣冠，異章服，謂之戮。 |
| 《管子·輕重丁》: | 市未央畢而委舍其守列，投蟁蛇巨雄，新冠五尺，請挾彈懷丸游水上，彈蓑燕小鳥，被於暮。 |
| 《六韜·上賢》: | 四曰：奇其冠帶，偉其依服。 |
| 《淮南子·道應訓》: | 桓公贛之衣冠而見，說以為天下。 |
| 《呂氏春秋·壹行》: | 今行者見大樹，必解衣縣冠倚劍而寢其下。 |
| 《史記·秦本紀》: | 三年，王冠。 |
| 《春秋左傳》: | 衛文公大布之衣，大帛之冠，務材，訓農，通商，惠工，敬教，勸學，授方，任能，元年，革車三十乘，季年，乃三百乘。 |
| 《逸周書·器服解》: | 斧巾，玄繢緌，縞冠素紕，玄冠組，武卷組纓，象琪，繢瑱，絺紳帶，象玦，朱極韋，素獨。 |
| 《國語·晉語七》: | 其冠也，和安而好敬，柔惠小物，而鎮定大事，有直質而無流心，非義不變，非上不舉。 |
| 《晏子春秋》: | 公曰：「善解余惑，加冠！」 |
| 《吳越春秋》: | 東南為司馬門，立增樓冠其山巔，以為靈臺起離宮於淮陽，中宿臺在於高平，駕臺在於成丘，立苑於樂野，燕臺在於石室，齋臺在於襟山。 |
| 《越絕書》: | 蠡修衣冠，有頃而出。 |
You can examine all occurrences of this character or phrase in Pre-Qin and Han texts or Post-Han texts on the site.
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