| Chinese Text Project |
| 公 U+516C |  Seal script |  Jinwen |  Jiaguwen |  Jianbo | 㒶 Semantic variant |
| Radical: | 八+ 2 strokes = 4 strokes total. |
|---|---|
| References: | Guangyun: p.27#39 Kangxi: p.126#28 Cihai: p.151r3c01 GSR: 1173.a Hanyu: v1,p0242#01 |
| Composition: | Top: 八, bottom: 厶. Component of: 𠛀 𠤰 𭁅 伀 𠕺 讼 兊 妐 𢁷 𢪌 𮟭 彸 𡆾 忩 𠈂 忪 㕬 𤝅 㝐 𫶫 [More] |
| Mandarin: | gōng ㄍㄨㄥ |
| Cantonese: | gung1 |
| Tang reconstruction: | *gung gung |
| Shuowen: | 《八部》公：平分也。从八从厶。八猶背也。韓非曰：背厶為公。 |
| Guangyun: | 《廣韻·上平聲·東·公》公：通也，父也，正也，共也，官也，三公論道又公者無私也，從八從厶厶音私八背意也，背厶爲公也，亦姓漢有主爵都尉公儉又漢複姓八十五氏左傳魯有公冉務人公斂陽公何𦵧公父歜公賔庚公思展公鉏極公申叔子費宰公山弗櫌公甲叔公巫召伯衞有公文要戰國䇿齊威王時有左執法公旗蕃左傳齊悼子公旗之後左傳季武子庶子公沮後以爲氏孟子有公行子著書左傳晉成公以卿之庶子爲公行大夫其後氏焉孔子家語魯有公冶長又公索氏將祭而亡其牲者魯有公愼氏出婬妻又有公罔之裘揚觶者孔子弟子齊人公晳哀陳人公良儒公西赤公祖句兹公肩定漢書藝文志有公檮子著書又有公勝生著書濟南公玉帶上明堂圖功臣表有公師壹晉穆公子成師之後又有公扈滿意後漢有零陵太守公仇稱晉穆公子仇之後又弘農令北海公沙穆山陽公堵恭魏志有公夏浩晉書有征虜長史太山公正羣成都王帳下督公帥蕃本姓公師避晉景帝諱改爲公帥氏前趙録有大中大夫公帥式子夏門人齊人公羊髙作春秋傳列女傳有公乗之姒墨子魯有公輸班衞大夫公叔文子史記有魯相公儀休孔子門人公休哀又有公祈哀禮記魯大夫公明儀何氏姓苑云今髙平人衞大夫公南文子魯有公荆皎衞大夫公子荆之後魯大夫公襄昭魯襄公太子野之後魯大夫公伯寮何氏姓苑云彭城人趙平陵太守公休勝魯士官公爲珍魯昭公子公爲之後楚大夫公朱髙宋公子子朱之後公車氏秦公子伯車之後淮南子有公牛哀病七日化爲虎齊公子牛之後吕氏春秋有邴大夫公息忘孟子稱公都子有學業楚公子田食采於都邑後氏焉公劉氏后稷公劉之後古今人表有公房皮楚公子房之後郭泰别傳有渤海公族進階衞大夫有公上王世本有魯大夫公之文晉蒲邑大夫公佗世郷秦公子金之後有公金氏齊公子成之後有公牽氏何氏姓苑云公右氏今琅邪人公左氏今髙平人又有公言公孟公獻公留公石公旅公仲等氏又左傳衞有𢈔公差以善射聞祭公謀父出自姜姓申公子福楚申公巫臣之後衞有尹公佗楚大夫逢公子仲楚白公勝之後有白公氏文字志云魏文侯時有古樂人竇公氏獻古文樂書一篇秦有博士黃公庇古今人表神農之後有公幹仕齊爲大夫其後氏焉丗本有大公叔頴又有公紀氏衞有大夫左公子洩右公子職漢四晧有園公先生尚書僕射東郡成公敞。古紅切，十三。 |
| Kangxi: | 《康熙字典·八部·二》公：〔古文〕㒶《唐韻》《正韻》古紅切《集韻》《韻會》沽紅切，𠀤音工。《說文》平分也。从八从厶。八，猶背也。厶音私。《韓非曰》自營爲厶，背厶爲公。《徐曰》會意。《爾雅·釋言》無私也。《書·周官》以公滅私，民其允懷。又《玉篇》方平也，正也，通也。又《禮·禮運》大道之行，天下爲公。《註》公猶共也。又爵名，五等之首曰公。《書·微子之命》庸建爾于上公。又三公官名。《韻會》周太師，太傅，太保爲三公。漢末大司馬，大司徒，大司空爲三公。東漢太尉，司徒，司空爲三公。又官所曰公。《詩·召南》退食自公。又父曰公。《列子·黃帝篇》家公執席。《前漢·郊祀志》天子爲天下父，故曰鉅公。又婦謂舅曰公。《前漢·賈誼策》與公倂倨。又尊稱曰公。《賈誼策》此六七公皆亡恙。又相呼曰公。《史記·毛遂傳》公等碌碌。又事也。《詩·召南》夙夜在公。《註》夙夜在視濯垢饎爨之事。又星名。《隋書·天文志》七公七星，在招搖東，天之相也。又姓。《韻會》漢有公儉。又諡法，立志及衆曰公。又與功通。《詩·小雅》以奏膚公。《大雅》王公伊濯。又《集韻》諸容切，音鐘。同妐。夫之兄爲兄妐。一曰關中呼夫之父曰妐。或省作公。通作鍾。又《韻補》叶姑黃切，音光。《東方朔·七諫》邪說飾而多曲兮，正法弧而不公。直士隱而避匿兮，讒諛登乎明堂。 |
| Fanqie: | 古紅 (《廣韻·上平聲·東·公》) |
| Unihan definition: | fair, equitable; public; duke |
CTP Dictionary
[Show proper names]Example usage
| 《論語·為政》: | 哀公問曰：「何為則民服？」 |
| The Duke Ai asked, saying, "What should be done in order to secure the submission of the people?" | |
| 《孟子·盡心下》: | 公孫丑問曰：「何謂也？」 |
| Gong Sun Chou said, 'What do you mean?' | |
| 《禮記·服問》: | 唯公門有稅齊衰。 |
| It was only at the ruler's gate that (in certain circumstances) he put off his sackcloth. | |
| 《孝經·聖治》: | 嚴父莫大於配天，則周公其人也。 |
| In the reverential awe shown to one's father there is nothing greater than the making him the correlate of Heaven. The duke of Zhou was the man who (first) did this. | |
| 《揚子法言》: | 孔子習周公者也，顏淵習孔子者也。 |
| Confucius studied the Duke of Zhou, and Yan Yuan studied Confucius. | |
| 《莊子·齊物論》: | 曰狙公賦芧，曰：「朝三而莫四。」 |
| A keeper of monkeys, in giving them out their acorns, (once) said, 'In the morning I will give you three (measures) and in the evening four.' | |
| 《道德經》: | 知常容，容乃公，公乃王，王乃天，天乃道，道乃久，沒身不殆。 |
| The knowledge of that unchanging rule produces a (grand) capacity and forbearance, and that capacity and forbearance lead to a community (of feeling with all things). From this community of feeling comes a kingliness of character; and he who is king-like goes on to be heaven-like. In that likeness to heaven he possesses the Dao. Possessed of the Dao, he endures long; and to the end of his bodily life, is exempt from all danger of decay. | |
| 《商君書·更法》: | 孝公平畫，公孫鞅、甘龍、杜摯三大夫御於君，慮世事之變，討正法之本，求使民之道。 |
| Duke Xiao discussed his policy. The three Great Officers, Gong sun Yang, Gan Long and Du Zhi, were in attendance on the Prince. Their thoughts dwelt on the vicissitudes of the world's affairs; they discussed the principles of rectifying the law, and they sought for the way of directing the people. | |
| 《孫子兵法·作戰》: | 國之貧于師者遠輸，遠輸則百姓貧，近于師者貴賣，貴賣則百姓財竭，財竭則急于丘役，力屈財殫，中原內虛于家，百姓之費，十去其七，公家之費，破車罷馬，甲冑矢弩，戟楯蔽櫓，丘牛大車，十去其六。 |
| Poverty of the State exchequer causes an army to be maintained by contributions from a distance. Contributing to maintain an army at a distance causes the people to be impoverished. On the other hand, the proximity of an army causes prices to go up; and high prices cause the people's substance to be drained away. When their substance is drained away, the peasantry will be afflicted by heavy exactions. With this loss of substance and exhaustion of strength, the homes of the people will be stripped bare, and three-tenths of their income will be dissipated; while government expenses for broken chariots, worn-out horses, breast-plates and helmets, bows and arrows, spears and shields, protective mantles, draught-oxen and heavy wagons, will amount to four-tenths of its total revenue. | |
| 《荀子·大略》: | 君子立志如窮，雖天子三公問正，以是非對。 |
| 《說苑·君道》: | 晉平公問於師曠曰：「人君之道如何？」 |
| 《春秋繁露·玉杯》: | 《春秋》譏文公以喪取。 |
| 《韓詩外傳·卷一》: | 《詩》云：「夙夜在公，實命不同。」 |
| 《大戴禮記》: | 魯哀公問於孔子曰：「吾欲論吾國之士，與之為政，何如者取之？」 |
| 《白虎通德論·爵》: | 謂公、侯、伯、子、男 |
| 《新書·道術》: | 兼覆無私謂之公，反公為私。 |
| 《新序·善謀下》: | 留侯曰：「此難以口舌爭也，顧上有所不能致者，天下有四人，園公、綺里季、夏黃公、角里先生。」 |
| 《中論·法象》: | 昔宋敏碎首於棊局，陳靈被禍於戲言，閻邴造逆於相詬，子公生弒於嘗黿，是故君子居身也謙，在敵也讓，臨下也莊，奉上也敬。 |
| 《孔子家語·相魯》: | 定公謂孔子曰：「學子此法，魯國何如？」 |
| 《潛夫論·讚學》: | 故《志》曰：黃帝師風后，顓頊師老彭，帝嚳師祝融，堯師務成，舜師紀后，禹師墨如，湯師伊尹，文、武師姜尚，周公師庶秀，孔子師老聃。 |
| 《論衡·幸偶》: | 晉文脩文德，徐偃行仁義，文公以賞賜，偃王以破滅。 |
| 《太玄經·斂》: | 次七，夫牽于車，妻為剝荼，利于王姑，不利公家，病。 |
| 《風俗通義·五帝》: | 《易傳》、《禮記》、《春秋國語》、《太史公記》：黃帝、顓頊、帝嚳、帝堯、帝舜是五帝也。 |
| 《孔叢子·廣訓》: | 公孫碩膚，徳音不瑕道，成王大美聲，稱遠也。 |
| 《申鑒·政體》: | 一曰中，二曰和，三曰正，四曰公，五曰誠，六曰通。 |
| 《忠經·天地神明章》: | 忠者、中也，至公無私。 |
| 《素書·遵義章》: | 女謁公行者亂。 |
| 《新語·道基》: | 太公自布衣昇三公之位，累世享千乘之爵。 |
| 《獨斷·卷上》: | 《春秋左氏傳》曰：「魯襄公在楚，季武子使公冶問，璽書追而與之。」 |
| 《蔡中郎集·獨斷》: | 太傅胡公說曰：「《左氏傳》有南冠而縶者。」 |
| 《墨子·經說上》: | 禮：貴者公，賤者名，而俱有敬僈。 |
| 《魯勝墨辯注敘》: | 墨子著書作辯經以立名本，惠施、公孫龍祖述其學，以正別 |
| 《列子·天瑞》: | 國氏之盜，公道也，故亡殃。 |
| 《鶡冠子·天則》: | 夫裁衣而知擇其工，裁國而知索其人，此固世之所公哉。 |
| 《文子·道原》: | 夫至人之治也，棄其聰明，滅其文章，依道廢智，與民同出乎公。 |
| 《文始真經·三極》: | 以此公天下，可以理財。 |
| 《列仙傳·容成公》: | 容成公者，自稱黃帝師，見於周穆王，能善輔導之事。 |
| 《鬻子》: | 政曰：昔者魯周公曰：吾聞之於政也，知善不行者謂之狂，知惡不改者謂之惑。 |
| 《老子河上公章句》: | 農事修，公無私。 |
| 《韓非子·難言》: | 故文王說紂而紂囚之，翼侯炙，鬼侯腊，比干剖心，梅伯醢，夷吾束縛，而曹羈奔陳，伯里子道乞，傅說轉鬻，孫子臏腳於魏，吳起收泣於岸門、痛西河之為秦、卒枝解於楚，公叔痤言國器、反為悖，公孫鞅奔秦，關龍逢斬，萇宏分胣，尹子阱於棘，司馬子期死而浮於江，田明辜射，宓子賤、西門豹不鬥而死人手，董安于死而陳於市，宰予不免於田常，范睢折脅於魏。 |
| 《申不害·大體》: | 凡因之道，身與公無事，無事而天下自極也。 |
You can examine all occurrences of this character or phrase in Pre-Qin and Han texts or Post-Han texts on the site.
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