| Chinese Text Project | |
| Simplified Chinese version |
| 妣 U+59A3 |  Seal script |  Jinwen |  Jiaguwen |
| Radical: | 女+ 4 strokes = 7 strokes total. |
|---|---|
| References: | Guangyun: p.248#7 Kangxi: p.257#03 Cihai: p.380r3c02 GSR: 566.n Hanyu: v2,p1030#08 |
| Composition: | Left: 女, right: 比. Compositionally related: 𡛗 . |
| Mandarin: | bǐ ㄅㄧˇ |
| Cantonese: | bei2 |
| Shuowen: | 《女部》妣：殁母也。从女比声。 |
| Guangyun: | 《广韵·上声·旨·匕》妣：《尔雅》云：父曰考母曰妣。又甫至切。 |
| Kangxi: | 《康熙字典·女部·四》妣：《广韵》𤰞履切《集韵》《韵会》补履切，𠀤音比。《尔雅·释亲》父爲考，母爲妣。《郑注》妣之爲言媲也，媲于考也。《说文》殁母也。《礼·曲礼》生曰父母，死曰考妣。《仪礼·配食》妣配考同位，不别设位也。○按谢氏曰：易曰有子考无咎，书言事厥考之类。盖考、妣，古者通称，皆非死而后称也。又《集韵》必至切，音庇。母名。 考证：〔《尔雅·释亲》父曰考，母曰妣。〕谨照原文两曰字𠀤改爲字。 |
| Fanqie: | 卑履 (《广韵·上声·旨·匕》) 甫至 (《广韵·上声·旨·匕》) |
| Unihan definition: | one's deceased mother |
Example usage
| 《孟子·万章上》: | 《尧典》曰：‘二十有八载，放勋乃徂落，百姓如丧考妣，三年，四海遏密八音。’ |
| It is said in the Canon of Yao, "After twenty and eight years, the Highly Meritorious one deceased. The people acted as if they were mourning for a father or mother for three years, and up to the borders of the four seas every sound of music was hushed." | |
| 《礼记·曲礼下》: | 祭王父曰皇祖考，王母曰皇祖妣。 |
| 'In sacrificing to them, a grandfather is called 'the sovereign grandfather;' a grandmother,' the sovereign grandmother;' | |
| 《诗经·斯干》: | 似续妣祖、筑室百堵、西南其户。 |
| Having entered into the inheritance of his ancestors, He has built his chambers, five thousand cubits of walls, With their doors to the west and to the south. | |
| 《尚书·舜典》: | 百姓如丧考妣，三载，四海遏密八音。 |
| When the people mourned for him as for a parent for three years. Within the four seas all the eight kinds of instruments of music were stopped and hushed. | |
| 《周易·䷽小过》: | 六二：过其祖，遇其妣。 |
| The second SIX, divided, shows its subject passing by his grandfather, and meeting with his grandmother; not attempting anything against his ruler, but meeting him as his minister. There will be no error. | |
| 《荀子·大略》: | 亲迎之礼，父南向而立，子北面而跪，醮而命之：“往迎尔相，成我宗事，隆率以敬先妣之嗣，若则有常。” |
| 《说苑·贵德》: | 《周颂》曰：“丰年多黍多稌，亦有高廪，万亿及秭，为酒为醴，烝畀祖妣，以洽百礼，降福孔偕。” |
| 《春秋繁露·奉本》: | 今《春秋》缘鲁以言王义，杀隐桓以为远祖，宗定哀以为考妣，至尊且高，至显且明。 |
| 《韩诗外传·卷五》: | 《诗》曰：“蒸畀祖妣，以洽百礼。” |
| 《白虎通德论·嫁娶》: | 父命醮子，遣之迎，命曰：“往迎尔相，承我宗事，率以敬先妣之嗣，若则有常。” |
| 《论衡·恢国》: | 皇妣之身，夜半无烛，空中光明。 |
| 《太玄经·视》: | 阴成魄，阳成妣，物之形貌咸可视。 |
| 《独断·卷上》: | 荐考妣于适寝之所，祭春荐韭卵，夏荐麦鱼，秋荐黍豚，冬荐稻雁，制无常牲，取与新物相宜而已。 |
| 《蔡中郎集·独断》: | 荐考妣于适寝之所，祭春荐韭卵，夏荐麦鱼，秋荐黍豚，冬荐稻雁，制无常牲，取与新物相宜而已。 |
| 《春秋左传》: | 夏，齐姜薨，初，穆姜使择美檟，以自为榇，与颂琴，季文子取以葬，君子曰，非礼也，礼无所逆，妇养姑者也，亏姑以成妇，逆莫大焉，诗曰，其惟哲人，告之话言，顺德之行，季孙于是为不哲矣，且姜氏，君之妣也，诗曰，为酒为醴，烝畀祖妣，以洽百礼，降福孔偕。 |
| 《国语·周语下》: | 我姬氏出自天鼋，及析木者，有建星及牵牛焉，则我皇妣大姜之侄伯陵之后，逄公之所凭神也。 |
| 《吴越春秋》: | 尧崩，禹服三年之丧，如丧考妣，昼哭夜泣，气不属声。 |
| 《列女传·陈寡孝妇》: | 颂曰：孝妇处陈，夫死无子，妣将嫁之，终不听母，专心养姑，一醮不改，圣王嘉之，号曰孝妇。 |
| 《汉书·叙传上》: | 妣聆呱而刻石兮，许相理而鞠条。 |
| 《东观汉记》: | 其夕发丧，群寮百姓，如丧考妣，塞外蛮夷，致祭涕泣。 |
| 《后汉书》: | 婴等縗杖，若丧考妣，朕甚愍焉！ |
| 《周礼·春官宗伯》: | 乃奏夷则，歌小吕，舞《大濩》，以享先妣。 |
| 《仪礼·士昬礼》: | 勖帅以敬，先妣之嗣。 |
| 《焦氏易林·乾之》: | 亡我考妣，久迷不来。 |
| 《说文解字·女部》: | 妣：殁母也。 |
| 《尔雅·释亲》: | 父为考，母为妣。 |
| 《释名·释丧制》: | 母死曰妣，妣，比也，比之于父亦然也。 |
| 《方言·第六》: | 南楚瀑洭之间母谓之媓，谓妇妣曰母姼，称妇考曰父姼。 |
| 《世说新语·政事》: | 许柳儿思妣者至佳，诸公欲全之。 |
| 《颜氏家训·风操》: | 晋代有许思妣、孟少孤：如此名字，幸当避之。 |
| 《金楼子·立言上》: | 遂画先君先妣之像，傅咸集画赞曰，敬图先君先妣之容像，画之丹青。 |
| 《水经注·济水》: | 沛公起兵野战，丧皇妣于黄乡。 |
| 《三国志·文帝纪》: | 于时天震地骇，崩山陨霜，阳精薄景，五纬错行，百姓呼嗟，万国悲悼，若丧考妣，恩过墓唐，擗踊郊野，仰想穹苍，佥曰何辜，早世殒丧，呜呼哀哉！ |
| 《群书治要·尚书》: | 二十有八载，放勋乃徂落，百姓如丧考妣，三载，四海遏密八音，遏，绝也。 |
| 《艺文类聚》: | 凡尧即位九十八年，年百一十八岁乃殂，百姓如丧考妣，三载，四海遏密八音，葬于济阴之成阳西北，是为谷林，尧取富宜氏女，曰女皇，生丹朱，又有庶子九人，皆不肖，故以天下命舜。 |
| 《通典·祔祭》: | 若祔曾祖妣，则不告祖。 |
| 《四书章句集注》: | 哀，则如丧考妣。 |
| 《金瓶梅》: | 附荐西门氏门中三代宗亲等魂：祖西门京良，祖妣李氏。 |
| 《广韵·是》: | 姼：方言云南楚人谓妇妣曰母姼也。 |
| 《太平御览·丰稔》: | 为酒为醴，烝畀祖妣。 |
| 《太平广记》: | 沛公起兵野战，丧皇妣于黄乡。 |
You can examine all occurrences of this character or phrase in Pre-Qin and Han texts or Post-Han texts on the site.
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