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| Scope: 四庫全書總目提要 |
| Condition : References 「孫士毅」 |
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2  | 粵自龍鳥水火，肇建官名。然夏、商以前，書闕有間，遺制不盡可考。其可考者惟《周禮》為最詳。迨秦、漢內設九卿，外置列郡，而官制一變。東京以後，事歸台閣。雖分置尚書六部，而政在中書，其權獨重。漢魏之制，至唐、宋而又一變。明太祖廢中書省，罷丞相，盡歸其職於六部。永樂間複設內閣，而參以七卿。唐、宋之制，至是而又一變矣。其間名號品數，改革紛繁。大抵勢足以相維則乾綱不失，權有所偏屬則魁柄必移。故官制之得失，可以知朝政之盛衰也。我國家稽古建官，循名核實。因革損益，時措咸宜。我皇上朗照無私，權衡獨秉，舉直錯枉，宮府肅清，尤從來史冊所未有。複念歷朝官制，典籍具存，宜備溯源流，明其利弊。庶前規可鑒，法戒益昭。乃特命四庫全書館總纂官內閣學士今升兵部右侍郎臣紀昀、光祿寺卿今升大理寺卿臣陸錫熊、翰林院編修今升山東布政使臣孫士毅、總校官詹事府少詹事今升內閣學士臣陸費墀等，考証排次，輯綴是編，分目悉准今制。凡長貳僚屬具列焉，明綱紀也；其兼官無正員，而所掌綦重，如軍機處之類，亦別有專表，崇職守也；八旗及新疆爵秩，前所未有者，並詳加臚考，著聖代之創建，遠邁邃古也。或古有而今無，或先置而後廢，並為採掇，別附於篇，備參訂也。每門各冠以表，表後詳敘建置。首列國朝，略如《唐六典》之例。次以歷代，則節引諸書，各附案語，以疏証其異同。 |
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