| Chinese Text Project |
| 啟 U+555F |  Seal script |  Jinwen |  Jiaguwen |  Jianbo | 启 Simplified character | 啓 Semantic variant |
| Radical: | 攴+ 7 strokes = 11 strokes total. |
|---|---|
| References: | Guangyun: p.269#42 Kangxi: p.196#26 Cihai: p.280r1c01 GSR: 588.c Hanyu: v2,p1463#08 |
| Composition: | Left: 启, right: 攵. Component of: 𫫤 𫹢 𭨠 𣘼 𦘦 闙 𮮝 |
| Mandarin: | qǐ ㄑㄧˇ |
| Cantonese: | kai2 |
| Shuowen: | 《攴部》啟：教也。从攴启聲。《論語》曰：「不憤不啟。」 |
| Unihan definition: | open; begin |
Example usage
| 《論語·述而》: | 子曰：「不憤不啟，不悱不發，舉一隅不以三隅反，則不復也。」 |
| The Master said, "I do not open up the truth to one who is not eager to get knowledge, nor help out any one who is not anxious to explain himself. When I have presented one corner of a subject to any one, and he cannot from it learn the other three, I do not repeat my lesson." | |
| 《孟子·告子上》: | 以紂為兄之子且以為君，而有微子啟、王子比干。 |
| And that with Zhou for their sovereign, and the son of their elder brother besides, there were found Qi, the viscount of Wei, and the prince Bi Gan. | |
| 《禮記·月令》: | 雷乃發聲，始電，蟄蟲咸動，啟戶始出。 |
| Thunder utters its voice, and the lightning begins to be seen. | |
| 《墨子·非樂上》: | 於武觀曰：『啟乃淫溢康樂，野于飲食，將將銘莧磬以力，湛濁于酒，渝食于野，萬舞翼翼，章聞于大，天用弗式。』 |
| Quoting Wu Guan: "Ch'i thereupon abandoned himself to lust and music. He drank and ate in improper places. Ding ding, dong dong went the wood winds and percussion instruments in harmony. He indulged in drinking and ate in improper places. Brilliantly went on the dancing. It reached the hearing of Heaven, and Heaven was not pleased." | |
| 《莊子·齊物論》: | 喜怒哀樂，慮嘆變慹，姚佚啟態。 |
| Joy and anger, sadness and pleasure, anticipation and regret, fickleness and fixedness, vehemence and indolence, eagerness and tardiness. | |
| 《商君書·說民》: | 塞私道以窮其志，啟一門以致其欲，使民必先其所惡，然後致其所欲，故力多。 |
| It bars all private roads for gratifying their ambition, and opens only one gate through which they can attain their desire; thus, without doubt, it can make the people first do what they hate, in order thereafter, to reach what they desire; and so their strength will be great. | |
| 《史記·夏本紀》: | 禹曰：「予（辛壬）娶涂山，［辛壬］癸甲，生啟予不子，以故能成水土功。」 |
| Yu said, 'I was married at Tushan on the days xin and ren, and on the days gui and jia my son Qi was born. I did not treat him as a son, and therefore was able to complete my labours on the water and on land.' | |
| 《詩經·四牡》: | 豈不懷歸、王事靡盬、不遑啟處。 |
| Did I not have the wish to return? But the king's business was not to be slackly performed; And I had not leisure to kneel or to sit. | |
| 《尚書·堯典》: | 放齊曰：「胤子朱啟明。」 |
| 'Fang-qi said, '(Your) heir-son Zhu is highly intelligent.' | |
| 《荀子·成相》: | 武王怒，師牧野，紂卒易鄉啟乃下。 |
| 《說苑·辨物》: | 黃帝降至東階，西面啟首曰：「皇天降茲，敢不承命？」 |
| 《韓詩外傳·卷四》: | 匹夫百畝一室，不遑啟處，無所移之也。 |
| 《大戴禮記·夏小正》: | 啟蟄。 |
| 《白虎通德論·姓名》: | 《尚書》曰：「啟呱呱而泣也。」 |
| 《新書·勸學》: | 夫啟耳目，載心意，從立移徙，與我同性，而舜獨有賢聖之名，明君子之實，而我曾無鄰里之聞，寬徇之智者，獨何與？ |
| 《中論·智行》: | 昔武王崩，成王幼，周公居攝，管、蔡啟殷畔亂，周公誅之 |
| 《孔子家語·五儀解》: | 公曰：「非吾子，寡人無以啟其心，吾子言也。」 |
| 《潛夫論·五德志》: | 鳳氏、曆正也，玄鳥氏、司分者也，伯趙氏、司至者也，青鳥氏、司啟者也，丹鳥氏、司閉者也。 |
| 《論衡·別通》: | 鑿窗啟牖，以助戶明也。 |
| 《太玄經·䦯》: | 上九，陰陽啟𠯒，其變赤白。 |
| 《風俗通義》: | 顧惟述作之功，故聊光啟之耳。 |
| 《孔叢子·論勢》: | 魏王遣使入其館，謝曰：「寡人昧於政事，不顯明是非，以啟罪於先生。」 |
| 《獨斷·卷上》: | 凡章表皆啟封，其言密事，得皁囊盛。 |
| 《蔡中郎集·獨斷》: | 凡章表皆啟封，其言密事，得皁囊盛。 |
| 《列子·天瑞》: | 孔子遊於大山，見榮啟期行乎郕之野，鹿裘帶索，鼓琴而歌。 |
| 《文子·上德》: | 雷之動也萬物啟，雨之潤也萬物解，大人施行，有似於此，陰陽之動有常節，大人之動不極物。 |
| 《列仙傳·方回》: | 夏啟末為宦士，為人所劫，閉之室中，從求道。 |
| 《韓非子·有度》: | 齊桓公并國三十，啟地三千里，桓公之氓社稷也，而齊以亡。 |
| 《吳子·圖國》: | 不敢信其私謀，必告於祖廟，啟於元龜，參之天時，吉乃後舉。 |
| 《六韜·發啟》: | 利天下者，天下啟之。 |
| 《周髀算經·卷下》: | 冬至晷長一丈三尺五寸，小寒丈二尺五寸，大寒丈一尺五寸一分，立春丈五寸二分，雨水九尺五寸二分，啟蟄八尺五寸四分，春分七尺五寸五分，清明六尺五寸五分，穀雨五尺五寸六分，立夏四尺五寸七分，小滿三尺五寸八分，芒種二尺五寸九分，夏至一尺六寸，小暑二尺五寸九分，大暑二尺五寸八分，立秋四尺五寸七分，處暑五尺五寸六分，白露六尺五寸五分，秋分七尺五寸五分，寒露八尺五寸四分，霜降九尺五寸三分，立冬丈五寸二分，小雪丈一尺五寸一分，大雪丈二尺五寸。 |
| 《淮南子·齊俗訓》: | 智伯有三晉而欲不澹，林類、榮啟期，衣若縣衰而意不慊。 |
| 《呂氏春秋·知分》: | 白圭問於鄒公子夏后啟曰：「踐繩之節，四上之志，三晉之事，此天下之豪英。」 |
| 《春秋左傳》: | 夫人將啟之。 |
| 《逸周書·周書序》: | 文啟謀乎後嗣，以脩身敬戒，作大開、小開二篇。 |
| 《國語·楚語上》: | 啟乃心，沃朕心。 |
| 《晏子春秋》: | 門啟而入，崔子曰：「子何不死？」 |
| 《吳越春秋》: | 喪畢，益避禹之子啟於箕山之陽，諸侯去益而朝啟，曰：「吾君帝禹子也。」 |
| 《越絕書·吳內傳》: | 夏啟獻犧於益。 |
| 《戰國策》: | 楚之相秦者屈盍，為楚和於秦，秦啟關而聽楚使。 |
| 《鹽鐵論·毀學》: | 夫郊祭之牛，養食钻年，衣之文繡，以入廟堂，太宰執其鸞刀，以啟其毛。 |
You can examine all occurrences of this character or phrase in Pre-Qin and Han texts or Post-Han texts on the site.
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