| Chinese Text Project |
| 內 U+5167 |  Seal script |  Jinwen |  Jiaguwen |  Jianbo | 内 Simplified character | 𡗠 Semantic variant |
| Radical: | 入+ 2 strokes = 4 strokes total. |
|---|---|
| References: | Kangxi: p.125#35 Cihai: p.141r5c02 GSR: 695.e Hanyu: v1,p0097#02 |
| Composition: | Merging of 冂 and 入. Component of: 𭀻 𠥮 𪞗 妠 抐 𨑧 𢗉 𢁩 𤜽 𢓇 汭 吶 𣧍 肭 𭁋 氝 𣅚 枘 𤣼 𤿒 [More] |
| Mandarin: | nèi nà ㄋㄟˋ ㄋㄚˋ |
| Cantonese: | naap6 noi6 |
| Tang reconstruction: | *nuə̀i nuə̀i |
| Shuowen: | 《入部》內：入也。从口，自外而入也。 |
| Kangxi: | 《康熙字典·入部·二》內：〔古文〕𡗠《唐韻》《集韻》《韻會》《正韻》𠀤奴對切，餒去聲。《說文》入也，从冂入，自外而入也。《玉篇》裏也。《增韻》中也。《易·坤卦》君子敬以直內，義以方外。又《前漢·鼂錯傳》先爲築室家，有一堂二內。《註》二房也。《韻會》房室曰內，天子宮禁曰內。漢制，天子內中曰行，內猶禁中也。唐有三內，皇城在長安西北隅，曰西內。東內曰大明宮，在西內之東。南內曰興慶宮，在東內之南。又五內，五中也。《魏志·王浚傳註》聞命驚愕，五內失守。又職內，官名。《周禮·天官註》職內，主人也。若今之泉所入，謂之少內。又河內，地名。《周禮·夏官·職方氏》河內曰冀州，其山鎭曰霍山。又《集韻》《正韻》𠀤儒稅切。同汭，水相入也。或省文作內。又《正韻》同枘。《周禮·冬官考工記註》調其鑿，內而合之。又《正韻》奴荅切。同納。《孟子》若已推而內之溝中。 考證：〔《周禮·夏官·職方氏》河內曰冀北。〕謹照原文冀北改冀州。 |
| Equivalent readings: | 納 (《四書章句集注·孟子集注·萬章章句上》) |
| Unihan definition: | inside, interior; domestic |
Example usage
| 《論語·里仁》: | 子曰：「見賢思齊焉，見不賢而內自省也。」 |
| The Master said, "When we see men of worth, we should think of equaling them; when we see men of a contrary character, we should turn inwards and examine ourselves." | |
| 《孟子·告子下》: | 夫苟好善，則四海之內，皆將輕千里而來告之以善。 |
| If a minister love what is good, all within the four seas will count 1000 li but a small distance, and will come and lay their good thoughts before him. | |
| 《禮記·間傳》: | 苴，惡貌也，所以首其內而見諸外也。 |
| Those fibres have an unpleasant appearance, and serve to show outwardly the internal distress. | |
| 《孝經·廣揚名》: | 是以行成於內，而名立於後世矣。 |
| Therefore, when his conduct is thus successful in his inner (private) circle, his name will be established (and transmitted) to future generations. | |
| 《揚子法言》: | 顏氏子之樂也內，紆朱懷金者之樂也外。 |
| Yan Yuan's happiness [came from] inside [himself], the happiness of one who holds a position in government [comes from] outside [himself]. | |
| 《莊子·逍遙遊》: | 且舉世而譽之而不加勸，舉世而非之而不加沮，定乎內外之分，辯乎榮辱之竟，斯已矣。 |
| (This Rongzi), though the whole world should have praised him, would not for that have stimulated himself to greater endeavour, and though the whole world should have condemned him, would not have exercised any more repression of his course; so fixed was he in the difference between the internal (judgment of himself) and the external (judgment of others), so distinctly had he marked out the bounding limit of glory and disgrace. Here, however, he stopped. | |
| 《商君書·墾令》: | 五民者不生於境內，則草必墾矣。 |
| If these five kinds of people do not appear within the territory, then it is certain waste lands will be brought under cultivation. | |
| 《孫子兵法·作戰》: | 千里饋糧，則內外之費賓客之用，膠漆之材，車甲之奉，日費千金，然後十萬之師舉矣。 |
| With provisions enough to carry them a thousand li, the expenditure at home and at the front, including entertainment of guests, small items such as glue and paint, and sums spent on chariots and armor, will reach the total of a thousand ounces of silver per day. Such is the cost of raising an army of 100,000 men. | |
| 《荀子·大略》: | 其誠可比於金石，其聲可內於宗廟。 |
| 《說苑·脩文》: | 顓孫子莫曰：「去爾外厲，與爾內折，色勝而心自取之，去三者而可矣。」 |
| 《春秋繁露·玉杯》: | 今夫天子逾年即位，諸侯於封內三年稱子，皆不在經也，而操之與在經無以異。 |
| 《韓詩外傳·卷一》: | 入則撞蕤賓，以治容貌，容貌得則顏色齊，顏色齊則肌膚安，蕤賓有聲，鵠震馬鳴，及倮介之蟲，無不延頸以聽，在內者皆玉色，在外者皆金聲，然後少師奏升堂之樂，即席告入也。 |
| 《大戴禮記·主言》: | 是故昔者明主內脩七教，外行三至。 |
| 《白虎通德論·爵》: | 以其俱命於天，而王治五千里內也。 |
| 《新書·脩政語下》: | 政曰：諸侯政平於內，而威於外矣。 |
| 《新序·善謀下》: | 令趣銷印，止不使，遂并天下之兵，誅項籍，定海內，張子房之謀也 |
| 《中論·治學》: | 然鄙儒之博學也，務於物名，詳於器械，矜於詁訓，摘其章句，而不能統其大義之所極以獲先王之心，此無異乎女史誦《詩》、內豎傳令也。 |
| 《孔子家語·王言解》: | 是故，昔者明王內修七教，外行三至。 |
| 《潛夫論·務本》: | 此三者，外雖有勤力富家之私名，然內有損民貧國之公實。 |
| 《論衡·命義》: | 遭命者、行善於內，遭凶於外也。 |
| 《太玄經·干》: | 初一，丸鑽鑽于內隙，厲。 |
| 《風俗通義·六國》: | 燕外迫蠻、貊，內笮齊、晉，崎嶇彊國之間，最為弱小，幾滅者數矣。 |
| 《孔叢子·論書》: | 曩者、師聞諸夫子曰：『聖人在上，君子在位，則內無怨女，外無曠夫。』 |
| 《申鑒·政體》: | 百姓上下睹利害之存乎己也，故肅恭其心，慎脩其行，內不忒惑，外無異望，慮其暏去徼倖，無罪過不憂懼，請謁無所聽，財賂無所用，則民志平矣。 |
| 《忠經·廣為章》: | 內睦以文，外威以武。 |
| 《新語·道基》: | 行之於親近而䟽遠悅，脩之於閨門之內而名譽馳於外。 |
| 《獨斷·卷上》: | 王，畿內之所稱，王有天下，故稱王。 |
| 《蔡中郎集·獨斷》: | 祀戶之禮，南面設主于門內之西行。 |
| 《墨子·經下》: | 鑒位，景一小而易，一大而正1，說在中之外內。 |
| 《列子·黃帝》: | 亦不知夫子之為我師，若人之為我友：內外進矣。 |
| 《鶡冠子·道端》: | 是以明主之治世也，急於求人，弗獨為也，與天與地，建立四維，以輔國政，鉤繩相布，銜橛相制，參偶具備，立位乃固，經氣有常理，以天地動，逆天時不祥，有祟事，不仕賢，無功必敗，出究其道，入窮其變，張軍衛外，禍反在內，所備甚遠，賊在所愛。 |
| 《文子·道原》: | 是以聖人內修其本，而不外飾其末，厲其精神，偃其知見故漠然無為而無不為也，無治而無不治也。 |
| 《文始真經·二柱》: | 內不見我，外不見人。 |
| 《列仙傳·老子》: | 塞兑內鏡，冥神絕涯。 |
| 《老子河上公章句》: | 常名當如嬰兒之未言，雞子之未分，明珠在蚌中，美玉處石間，內雖昭昭，外如愚頑。 |
| 《韓非子·初見秦》: | 是故兵終身暴露於外，士民疲病於內，霸王之名不成，此固以失霸王之道三矣。 |
| 《申不害·佚文》: | 四海之內，六合之間，曰：奚貴？ |
| 《慎子·逸文》: | 夫德精微而不見，聰明而不發，是故外物不累其內。 |
| 《諫逐客書》: | 向使四君卻客而不內，疏士而不用，是使國無富利之實，而秦無彊大之名也。 |
| 《管子·輕重己》: | 十日之內，室無處女，路無行人，苟不樹藝者，謂之賊人。 |
| 《吳子·圖國》: | 明主鑒茲，必內修文德，外治武備。 |
You can examine all occurrences of this character or phrase in Pre-Qin and Han texts or Post-Han texts on the site.
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