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經典釋文[View] [Edit] [History]ctext:368919
Jingdian Shiwen (經典釋文 Jīngdiǎn shìwén, literally Textual explanations of classics and canons), often abbreviated as Shiwen in Chinese philological literature, was a c. 583 exegetical dictionary or glossary, edited by the Tang dynasty classical scholar Lu Deming. Based on the works of 230 scholars during the Han, Wei, and Six Dynasties periods, this Chinese dictionary analyzes the pronunciations (given in historically invaluable fanqie annotations) and meanings of terms in the Confucian Thirteen Classics and the Daoist Daodejing and Zhuang Zi. It also cites some ancient books that are no longer extant, and are only known through Jingdian Shiwen.Bernhard Karlgren considered Jingdian Shiwen and the 601 Qieyun rime dictionary as the two primary sources for reconstructing Middle Chinese. Many studies in Chinese historical linguistics (for instance, see References) use the important Jingdian Shiwen data.
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《經典釋文》（c. 583）是唐代經學家陸德明的著作，解釋經書與《老子》、《莊子》音義的專著。他鑑於當時經典舊音太簡，微言久絕，大義愈乖，後人攻乎異端，竟生穿鑿的現象，於是在癸卯之歲（陳後主至德元年）在校理群書的基礎上，「精研六典，採納九流，搜訪異同，校之《蒼》、《雅》」，著《經典釋文》30卷。《經典釋文》為經文和注文皆註上反切等注音方法，統一魏晉以來混亂的注音，方便讀者了解其句解，唐代以降與《十三經註疏》並行為閱讀經籍的依據。《經典釋文》還引用了一些今已不存的古書。其列舉徐邈、李軌、劉昌宗、郭璞、郭象、韋昭、向秀、王元規、崔譔、呂忱、沈重、戚袞、沈旋、謝嶠、顧野王、孫炎、鄭玄、王肅、何胤、施乾等漢六朝二十家音切考證，基于230家諸說分析字音字義。
高本漢稱《經典釋文》和《切韻》(601)是構擬中古漢語兩個主要的根據。許多漢語音韻學研究(如參考文獻所列)都使用了《經典釋文》。
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| Text | Count |
|---|---|
| 清史稿 | 1 |
| 正字通 | 1 |
| 新唐書 | 1 |
| 百川書志 | 1 |
| 古經解鉤沉 | 1 |
| 宋元學案 | 1 |
| 清稗類鈔 | 1 |
| 四庫全書總目提要 | 61 |
| 文獻通考 | 2 |
| 資治通鑑 | 3 |
| 直齋書錄解題 | 1 |
| 楝亭書目 | 1 |
| 皇朝通志 | 1 |
| 經學歷史 | 1 |
| 宋史 | 2 |
| 陶廬雜錄 | 1 |
| 四庫全書簡明目錄 | 5 |
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